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Sortable table
Class Built Number
101 1995 145
102 2016 6
103 1965 149
104 1932 23
105 2021 79
109 1961 96
110 1952 384
111 1974 227
112 1962 31
116 1926 21
117 1928 38
118 1935 55
119 1938 4
120 1979 65
127 1992 1
128 1994 1
132 1924 29
139 1959 31
140 1957 848
141 1956 451
142 1962 292
143 1982 647
144 1932 187
145 1997 80

Italy and Libya would first come into contact after the Third Punic War. The Roman Republic, centred on modern-day Italy, would conquer Carthage in 146 BC, thereby annexing Tripolitania as part of its Africa province. Rome would too acquire Cyrenaica in 96 BC, after its heirless king Ptolemy Apion willed it to Rome, although it would only be formally annexed in 74 BC.

After the Roman Empire was split in two in AD 395, Italy and Tripolitania would come under the Western Roman Empire, while Cyrenaica would become part of the Eastern Roman Empire. The Migration Period would lead to the decline of the Western Empire, and the Vandal conquest of Roman Africa would lead to Tripolitania's independence from Rome as part of the Vandal Kingdom in AD 439.

Likewise, the deposition of Romulus Augustus would spell the end of the Western Empire, and the Kingdom of Odoacer would be proclaimed over Italy in AD 476. Emperor Justinian I of the Eastern Roman Empire would seek to reclaim territories of the former Western Empire, and would launch an invasion of the Vandal Kingdom in AD 533, annexing the territories a year later.

Justinian would soon shift his focus to Italy, and would invade in AD 535, achieving effective control over the Italian peninsula by 554. Invasions by the Lombards would gradually diminish Roman influence (including an interregnum between 751 and 876), and by AD 1000, only the Catepanate of Italy was still under its control. Roman authority in Libya also faltered as Muslim conquests would take all of Libya by 644.[1]

After the Norman conquest of southern Italy in the 11th century, the Norman Kingdom of Africa would be established over parts of western Libya, although it would be invaded by the Almohads in 1159. Apart from a short period of Tripolitania as a Sicilian vassal in the 16th century, Italian-Libyan interaction from then was minimal.

Italian colonisation

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The weakening of the Ottoman Empire would encourage Italy to invade Libya in 1911, establishing the Italian colonies of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, which would be merged in 1934 to form Italian Libya — viewed by Fascist Italy as its "Fourth Shore". The Western Desert campaign would result in Libya being occupied by the Allies in 1943. Italy would relinquish its claim to Libya in 1947, and Libya would gain independence in 1951.

France

West Francia 843–987
Kingdom of France 987–1453
Kingdom of France 1453–1792
French First Republic 1792–1804
First French Empire 1804–1815
Bourbon Restoration 1815–1830
July Monarchy 1830–1848
French Second Republic 1848–1852
Second French Empire 1852–1870
French Third Republic 1870–1940
Vichy France 1940–1944
Provisional Government of the French Republic 1944–1946
French Fourth Republic 1946–1958
French Fifth Republic 1958–present

Spain

Visigothic Kingdom 418–720
Umayyad state of Córdoba 756–1031
Habsburg Spain 1516–1700
Bourbon Spain 1700–1808
Napoleonic Spain 1808–1813

Trienio Liberal 1820–1823
Ominous Decade 1823–1833
Reign of Isabella II 1833–1868
Provisional Government 1868–1871

First Spanish Republic 1873–1874
Bourbon Restoration 1874–1931
Second Spanish Republic 1931–1939
Francoist Spain 1936–1975
Spanish transition to democracy 1975–1982
Spain 1982–present

Germany

East Francia 843–962
Holy Roman Empire 962–1806
Confederation of the Rhine 1806–1813
German Confederation 1815–1848
German Empire 1848–1849
German Confederation 1850–1866
North German Confederation 1866–1871
German Empire 1871–1918
Weimar Republic 1918–1933
Nazi Germany 1933–1945
Allied-occupied Germany 1945–1949
West Germany 1949–1990
East Germany 1949–1990
Germany 1990–present

Austria

Margraviate of Austria 976–1156
Duchy of Austria 1156–1453
Archduchy of Austria 1453–1804
Austrian Empire 1804–1867
Cisleithania 1867–1918
Republic of German-Austria 1918–1919
First Austrian Republic 1919–1934
Federal State of Austria 1934–1938
Nazi Germany 1938–1945
Allied-occupied Austria 1945–1955
Austria 1955–present

Poland

Duchy of Poland 960–1025
Kingdom of Poland 1025–1385
Crown of Poland 1385–1795
Duchy of Warsaw 1807–1815
Congress Poland 1815–1915
Kingdom of Poland 1917–1918
Second Polish Republic 1918–1939
General Government 1939–1945
Provisional Government of National Unity 1945–1947
Polish People's Republic 1947–1989
Poland 1989–present

Russia

Principality of Moscow 1282–1547
Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721
Russian Empire 1721–1917
Russian Republic 1917–1918
Russian State 1918–1920
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 1917–1991
Russia 1991–present

Hungary

Principality of Hungary 895–1000
Kingdom of Hungary 1000–1301
Kingdom of Hungary 1301–1526
Habsburg Hungary 1526–1867
Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen 1867–1918
First Hungarian Republic 1918–1919
Hungarian Republic 1919–1920
Kingdom of Hungary 1920–1946
Second Hungarian Republic 1946–1949
Hungarian People's Republic 1949–1989
Hungary 1989–present

Serbia

Principality of Serbia 780–960
Grand Principality of Serbia 1091–1217
Kingdom of Serbia 1217–1346
Serbian Empire 1346–1371
Moravian Serbia 1371–1402
Serbian Despotate 1402–1459
Sanjak of Smederevo 1459–1718
Kingdom of Serbia 1718–1739
Sanjak of Smederevo 1739–1804
Revolutionary Serbia 1804–1813
Sanjak of Smederevo 1813–1815
Principality of Serbia 1815–1882
Kingdom of Serbia 1882–1918
Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918–1941
Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia 1941–1944
SR Serbia 1944–1992
Republic of Serbia 1992–2006
Serbia 2006–present

Irish North Western Railway
Year
closed
Enniskillen
Lisbellaw
Maguiresbridge
Lisnaskea
Newtownbutler
Clones
Newbliss
Monaghan Road
Ballybay
Castleblayney
Culloville
Blackstaff Halt
Inniskeen
Kellybridge Halt
Dundalk
Cork and Macroom Direct Railway
Cork Capwell
Bishopstown
Ballincollig
Kilumney
Kilcrea
Crookstown Road
Dooniskey
Section flooded by Carrigadrohid Lake
Macroom
Luas Cork
Ballincollig West
Carriganarra Road
Ballincollig East
Killumney Road
Clash Road
Science Park
Munster Technological University
Melbourn Road
Curraheen Road
Cork University Hospital
Dennehys Cross
University College Cork
Washington Street
St Patrick's Street
MacCurtain Street
Cork Kent
Centre Park Road
Páirc Uí Chaoimh
Churchyard Lane
Well Road
Woodvale Road
Skehard Road
Greenway
Mahon Point
  1. ^ "Libya: The Muslim Conquest – 7th to 16th Centuries". Fanack.com. 2022-12-01. Retrieved 2025-01-02.