Portal:Cyprus

The Cyprus Portal

Cyprus (/ˈsaɪprəs/ ^ⓘ), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated in West Asia, its cultural identity and geopolitical orientation are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, after Sicily and Sardinia. It is located southeast of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, and north of Egypt. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia. Cyprus hosts the British military bases Akrotiri and Dhekelia, whilst the northeast portion of the island is de facto governed by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is separated from the Republic of Cyprus by the United Nations Buffer Zone.

Cyprus was first settled by hunter-gatherers around 13,000 years ago, with farming communities emerging by 8500 BC. The late Bronze Age saw the emergence of Alashiya, an urbanised society closely connected to the wider Mediterranean world. Cyprus experienced waves of settlement by Mycenaean Greeks at the end of the 2nd millennium BC. Owing to its rich natural resources (particularly copper) and strategic position at the crossroads of Europe, Africa, and Asia, the island was subsequently contested and occupied by several empires, including the Assyrians, Egyptians, and Persians, from whom it was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Successive rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates, the French Lusignans, and the Venetians was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman dominion (1571–1878). Cyprus was placed under British administration in 1878 pursuant to the Cyprus Convention and formally annexed by the United Kingdom in 1914.

The island's future became a matter of disagreement between its Greek and Turkish communities. Greek Cypriots sought enosis, or union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Turkish Cypriots initially advocated for continued British rule, then demanded the annexation of the island to Turkey, with which they established the policy of taksim: portioning Cyprus and creating a Turkish polity in the north of the island. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. The crisis of 1963–64 brought further intercommunal violence between the two communities, displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots into enclaves, and ended Turkish Cypriot political representation. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which captured the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus and displaced over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983, which was widely condemned by the international community and remains recognised only by Turkey. These events and the resulting political situation remain subject to an ongoing dispute. (Full article...)

Selected article - show another

Enosis (Greek: Ένωσις, IPA: [ˈenosis], "union") is an irredentist ideology held by various Greek communities living outside Greece that calls for them and the regions that they inhabit to be incorporated into the Greek state. The idea is related to the Megali Idea, a concept of a Greek state that dominated Greek politics following the creation of modern Greece in 1830. The Megali Idea called for the establishment of a larger Greek state including the lands outside Greece that remained under foreign rule following the Greek War of Independence in the 1820s, but which nevertheless still had large Greek populations.

The most widely known example of enosis is the movement within Greek Cypriots for a union of Cyprus with Greece. The idea of enosis in British-ruled Cyprus became associated with the campaign for Cypriot self-determination, especially among the island's Greek Cypriot majority. However, many Turkish Cypriots opposed enosis without taksim, the partitioning of the island between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots. In 1960, the Republic of Cyprus was born, resulting in neither enosis nor taksim. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

edit

Cyprus news

23 July 2025 – 2025 European and Mediterranean wildfires: Two people are killed and hundreds of others are evacuated in a fire in Limassol, Cyprus. The fire brigade chief says the fire was arson. (Greek Reporter) (Cyprus Mail)
24 May 2025 – 2024–25 Cypriot Cup: In association football, AEK Larnaca win the Cypriot Cup after defeating Pafos FC on penalties 5–4 after a 0–0 draw at the GSP Stadium in Nicosia. (Cyprus News Agency)

General images

The following are images from various Cyprus-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Turkish Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs Feridun Sinirlioğlu (Left) and the Greek Cypriot negotiator Andreas Mavroyiannis (Right), in Ankara, within the scope of the 2014 Cyprus talks (from Cyprus problem)
Image 2Cathedral of Saint Nicholas, consecrated in 1328, the largest medieval building in Famagusta, where the Kings of Cyprus were crowned also as Kings of Jerusalem. In 1571 having fallen to the Ottoman Empire it became the Mosque of Mağusa, and remains a mosque today (from History of Cyprus)
Image 3Presidential Palace, Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 4A map showing the division of Cyprus (from Cyprus)
Image 5Cypriot Halloumi (from Cyprus)
Image 6Supreme Court of Justice (from Cyprus)
Image 7A Sentinel-2 image of Cyprus taken in 2022 (from Cyprus)
Image 8Dhekelia Power Station (from Cyprus)
Image 9Central Bank of Cyprus (from Cyprus)
Image 10The entrance of the historic Pancyprian Gymnasium (from Cyprus)
Image 11Spyros Kyprianou Athletic Centre in Limassol (from Cyprus)
Image 12Proposed flag of the United Republic of Cyprus (from Cyprus problem)
Image 13Ayia Paraskevi Byzantine church in Yeroskipou, Cyprus (from History of Cyprus)
Image 14Kyrenia Castle was originally built by the Byzantines and enlarged by the Venetians. (from Cyprus)
Image 15Hoisting the British flag at Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 16Kouris Dam overflow in April 2012 (from Cyprus)
Image 17Statue of Liberty symbolising the independence of Cyprus. (from History of Cyprus)
Image 18A Greek Cypriot demonstration in the 1930s in favour of Enosis (union) with Greece (from Cyprus problem)
Image 19Street in the divided capital of Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 20Opening of Ledra Street in April 2008 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 21Turkish rally in Nicosia in January 1958 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 22The Troodos Mountains experience heavy snowfall in winter. (from Cyprus)
Image 23Cypriot style café in an arcade in Nicosia (from Cyprus)
Image 24
  Under the control of the Republic of Cyprus
  The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
  Turkey
  Greece
(from Cyprus problem)
Image 25A British soldier facing a crowd of Greek Cypriot demonstrators in Nicosia (1956) (from Cyprus)
Image 26Cypri insvla nova descript 1573, Ioannes á Deutecum f[ecit]. Map of Cyprus newly drawn by Johannes van Deutecom, 1573. (from Cyprus)
Image 27Population growth, 1961–2003 (numbers for the entire island, excluding Turkish settlers residing in Northern Cyprus) (from Cyprus)
Image 28Varosha (Maraş), a suburb of Famagusta, was abandoned when its inhabitants fled in 1974 and remains under Turkish military control. (from Cyprus)
Image 29The Walls of Nicosia were built by the Venetians to defend the city in case of an Ottoman attack. (from Cyprus)
Image 30Ethnic map of Cyprus according to the 1960 census (from Cyprus)
Image 312010 population by age and gender (from Cyprus)
Image 32Foreign Ministers of the European Union countries in Limassol during Cyprus Presidency of the EU in 2012 (from Cyprus)
Image 33Limassol General Hospital (from Cyprus)
Image 34The Armenian Alphabet at the Melkonian Educational Institute. Armenian is recognised as a minority language in Cyprus. (from Cyprus)
Image 35Ioannis Kigalas (c. 1622–1687) was a Nicosia born Greek Cypriot scholar and professor of philosophy who was largely active in the 17th century. (from Cyprus)
Image 36Cyprus in 1482 (from History of Cyprus)
Image 37Base ring vessel of Late Bronze Age (from History of Cyprus)
Image 38Cypriot demonstrations for Enosis (Union) with Greece. (from History of Cyprus)
Image 39Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer Piri Reis' historical map of Cyprus (from Cyprus problem)
Image 40Welcoming ceremony of the former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev by the soldiers of the Cypriot National Guard (from Cyprus)
Image 41UN tower in the buffer zone (from Cyprus)
Image 42"TAKSİM" (division) graffiti on a wall in Nicosia in the late 1950s (from Cyprus problem)
Image 43Street close to the Nicosia border (from Cyprus problem)
Image 44The "Green Line" in Nicosia, Cyprus (from Cyprus problem)
Image 45Zeus Keraunios, 500-480 BC, Nicosia museum (from History of Cyprus)
Image 46Cypriot meze (from Cyprus)
Image 47
Accession of Cyprus to the European Union in 2004
(from Cyprus problem)
Image 48Laouto, dominant instrument of the Cypriot traditional music (from Cyprus)
Image 49The north–south checkpoint has been open since 2003. (from Cyprus problem)
Image 50Cyprus is part of a monetary union, the eurozone (dark blue) and of the EU single market. (from Cyprus)
Image 51Büyük Han, a caravanserai in Nicosia, is an example of the surviving Ottoman architecture in Cyprus. (from Cyprus)
Image 52Greek Cypriot demonstrations for Enosis (union with Greece) in 1930 (from Cyprus)
Image 53Khirokitia archeological site. (from History of Cyprus)
Image 54Zeus Keraunios, 500–480 BC, Nicosia museum (from Cyprus)
Image 55Typical Cypriot architecture in old part of Nicosia, Cyprus (from Cyprus)
Image 56Cypriot cult image. 'Red Polished Ware', 2100–2000 BC. Museum zu Allerheiligen (from History of Cyprus)
Image 57Faneromeni School is the oldest all-girls primary school in Cyprus. (from Cyprus)
Image 58Archaeological site of Khirokitia with early remains of human habitation during the Aceramic Neolithic period (reconstruction) (from Cyprus)
Image 59Sea caves at Cape Greco (from Cyprus)
Image 60Nikos Christodoulides, President of Cyprus since February 2023 (from Cyprus)
Image 61Former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan was the creator of the Annan plan. (from Cyprus problem)
Image 62Atatürk Square, North Nicosia, in 2006 (from Cyprus problem)
Image 63Zeno of Citium, founder of the Stoic school of philosophy (from Cyprus)
Image 64Red-polished ceramics from Enkomi, 1900–1725 BC. St. Barnabas Archaeological Museum, Salamis, Cyprus (from History of Cyprus)
Image 65A copper mine in Cyprus. In antiquity, Cyprus was a major source of copper. (from Cyprus)