Portal:1970s

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P:1970s

The 1970s (pronounced "nineteen-seventies"; commonly shortened to the "Seventies" or the "'70s") was a decade that began on January 1, 1970, and ended on December 31, 1979.

In the 21st century, historians have increasingly portrayed the 1970s as a "pivot of change" in world history, focusing especially on the economic upheavals^[1] that followed the end of the postwar economic boom.^[2] On a global scale, it was characterized by frequent coups, domestic conflicts and civil wars, and various political upheavals and armed conflicts which arose from or were related to decolonization, and the global struggle between NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Many regions had periods of high-intensity conflict, notably Southeast Asia, the Mideast, and Africa.

In the Western world, social progressive values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and economic liberty of women, continued to grow. In the United Kingdom, the 1979 election resulted in the victory of its Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher, the first female British Prime Minister. Industrialized countries experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. The crisis saw the first instance of stagflation which began a political and economic trend of the replacement of Keynesian economic theory with neoliberal economic theory, with the first neoliberal government coming to power with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. The 1970s was also an era of great technological and scientific advances; since the appearance of the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004 in 1971, the decade was characterised by a profound transformation of computing units – by then rudimentary, spacious machines – into the realm of portability and home accessibility.

On the other hand, there were also great advances in fields such as physics, which saw the consolidation of quantum field theory at the end of the decade, mainly thanks to the confirmation of the existence of quarks and the detection of the first gauge bosons in addition to the photon, the Z boson and the gluon, part of what was christened in 1975 as the Standard Model.

In Asia, the People's Republic of China's international relations changed significantly following its recognition by the United Nations, the death of Mao Zedong and the beginning of market liberalization by Mao's successors. Despite facing an oil crisis due to the OPEC embargo, the economy of Japan witnessed a large boom in this period, overtaking the economy of West Germany to become the second-largest in the world.^[3] The United States withdrew its military forces from the Vietnam War. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, which led to the Soviet–Afghan War.

The 1970s saw an initial increase in violence in the Middle East as Egypt and Syria declared war on Israel, but in the late 1970s, the situation in the Middle East was fundamentally altered when Egypt signed the Egyptian–Israeli Peace Treaty. Political tensions in Iran exploded with the Iranian Revolution in 1979, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established an Islamic republic under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini.

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The Aristocats is a 1970 American animated comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by Buena Vista Distribution. It is directed by Wolfgang Reitherman and written by Ken Anderson, Larry Clemmons, Eric Cleworth, Vance Gerry, Julius Svendsen, Frank Thomas and Ralph Wright. It is the final Disney animated film made with the involvement of Walt Disney Productions' co-founder Roy O. Disney before his death on December 20, 1971. The film is based on a story by Tom McGowan and Tom Rowe, and revolves around a family of aristocratic cats, and how an alley cat acquaintance helps them after a butler has kidnapped them to gain his mistress's fortune which was intended to go to them. The film features the voices of Phil Harris, Eva Gabor, Hermione Baddeley, Dean Clark, Sterling Holloway, Scatman Crothers, and Roddy Maude-Roxby.

In 1962, The Aristocats project began as an original script for a two-part live-action episode for Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color, developed by writers Tom McGowan and Tom Rowe and producer Harry Tytle. Following two years of rewrites, Tytle suggested the project would be more suitable for an animated film, in which Disney temporarily shelved the project while The Jungle Book (1967) advanced into production. When The Jungle Book was nearly complete, Disney appointed Ken Anderson to develop preliminary work on The Aristocats, making it the last film project to be personally approved by Disney before his death. Longtime Disney collaborators Robert and Richard Sherman composed multiple songs for the film, though only two made it in the finished product. (Full article...)

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... that Comtal Corporation's products were used by NASA to process digital images of the surface of Mars and flybys of Jupiter in the 1970s?
... that the art of Irma Blank, of "drawing languages without words" and including sounds, was recognised in the 1970s but fell into obscurity until a rediscovery in the 2010s?
... that the Twin Parks housing project in New York City, the site of a January 2022 fire that killed seventeen people, won architectural awards after it was constructed in the early 1970s?
... that the Fighting Vanguard waged a guerrilla war against the Syrian government in the 1970s and 1980s?
... that American teenagers of the 1960s and 1970s used to chat and arrange dates over the sound of the busy signal?
... that Zdzisław Najmrodzki, a thief in 1970s–1980s Poland, escaped from law-enforcement authorities and prisons on 29 occasions?

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Kuti in 1970

Fela Aníkúlápó Kútì (born Olufela Olusegun Oludotun Ransome-Kuti; 15 October 1938 – 2 August 1997), also famously known as Abàmì Ẹ̀dá, was a Nigerian musician, bandleader, composer, political activist, and Pan-Africanist. He is regarded as the King of Afrobeat, a Nigerian music genre that combines West African music with African-American funk and jazz. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers". AllMusic described him as "a musical and sociopolitical voice" of international significance.

Kuti was the son of Nigerian women's rights activist Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti. After early experiences abroad, he and his band Africa 70 (featuring drummer and musical director Tony Allen) shot to stardom in Nigeria during the 1970s, during which he was an outspoken critic and target of Nigeria's military juntas. In 1970, he founded the Kalakuta Republic commune, which declared itself independent from military rule. The commune was destroyed in a 1978 raid that injured Kuti and his mother. He was jailed by the government of Muhammadu Buhari in 1984, but released after 20 months. He continued to record and perform through the 1980s and 1990s. Since his death in 1997, reissues and compilations of his music have been overseen by his son, Femi Kuti. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various 1970s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1VT100 (1978) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 2Redd Foxx and Demond Wilson from Sanford and Son (from 1970s)
Image 3The CN Tower was completed in 1976, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure. (from 1970s)
Image 41976 flyer advertising the racing game Fonz. (from 1970s in video games)
Image 5Isabel Perón becomes the first woman President of Argentina in 1974 and the first woman non-monarch head of state in the Western hemisphere. (from 1970s)
Image 6Queen, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 7Iranian prince Reza Pahlavi wearing Peacock Revolution-inspired velvet Nehru jacket and geometric print scarf, 1973. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 8America's first space station Skylab in orbit February 8, 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 9The Swedish band ABBA was one of the most commercially successful European bands of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 10Egyptian military vehicles crossing the Suez Canal on October 7, 1973, during the Yom Kippur War. (from 1970s)
Image 11Pong (1972) (from 1970s)
Image 12Alan Bennett in 1973, wearing a wide necktie (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 13Willie Nelson became one of the most popular country music artists during the 1970s. (from 1970s in music)
Image 14Linda Ronstadt in 1976 (from 1970s in music)
Image 15Hank Williams (from 1970s in music)
Image 16Bob Marley, 1980 (from 1970s in music)
Image 17Susana Giménez wearing hotpants, 1977 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 18Paul Anka in 1961 (from 1970s in music)
Image 19An artist impression of an American Apollo spacecraft and Soviet Soyuz spacecraft docking, a propaganda portrait for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission (from 1970s)
Image 20English girl in the mid-1970s wearing a wide-sleeved shirt, belted at the waist. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 21Haile Selassie was overthrown from power in Ethiopia, ending one of the longest-lasting monarchies in world history. (from 1970s)
Image 22Actress Camille Keaton in 1972. Throughout most of the decade, women preferred light, natural-looking make-up for the daytime. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 23Magnavox Odyssey (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 24Intellivision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 25Singer Rod Stewart performing in 1976. He was one of the major British soft rock artists of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 26King Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (from 1970s)
Image 27Polistil VG2 Pong clone (1978), made in Italy (from 1970s in video games)
Image 28Home Pong console (museum recreation) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 29United States President Jimmy Carter and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna, Austria (from 1970s)
Image 30Singer Barry Manilow wears his hair longish in the soft, layered style favoured by men in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 31Concorde landing at Farnborough in September 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 32Girl in 1973 with a "flicked" hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 33Apollo 17 Astronaut Gene Cernan becomes the last man on the Moon, December 13, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 34Three Los Angeles Chicanos in 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 35Viking 1, the first of two spacecraft sent to Mars, takes this picture of the landing site in Chryse Planitia (1978) (from 1970s)
Image 36David Bowie in the early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 37Mao Zedong wearing gray Zhongshan suit, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 381973 Volvo P1800 sportwagon. (from 1970s)
Image 39Two women in 1979 wear the trendy tube tops, while the woman on the far left is wearing a rayon strapless dress (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 40A wrap dress Diane von Fürstenberg designed in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 41Punk pioneer Lene Lovich in 1979, with her trademark long plaited hair. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 42Aerosmith had seven studio albums chart on the Billboard 200 in the 1970s. Their success in the decade, particularly of their albums Toys in the Attic (1975) and Rocks (1976), helped inspire future rock artists such as Slash and Kurt Cobain (from 1970s in music)
Image 43Death Race (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 44A couple at prom in late 1970s: Powder Tuxedo and sleeved dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 45A Women's Liberation march in Washington, D.C., 1970 (from 1970s)
Image 46Nixon and Zhou toast, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 47By the early 1970s, miniskirts had reached an all-time popularity. This young English woman is wearing a fringed suede miniskirt, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 48El Tri Band founder Alex Lora, on stage with the band in 2006 (from 1970s in music)
Image 49Pakistan Army General A. A. K. Niazi signing surrender agreement before Sh. Jagjit Singh Aurora of Indian Army after getting defeated in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War against East Pakistan, which eventually liberated as Bangladesh later. (from 1970s)
Image 50Example of glam rock costume worn by Roy Wood and Wizzard, early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 51Pong arcade machine (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 52The Bee Gees, in 1968 (from 1970s in music)
Image 53Swedish model Ulla Jones dressed in a lurex halter top and matching flared trousers (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 54Debbie Harry of Blondie in 1977. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 55Clockwise from top left: U.S. President Richard Nixon doing the V for Victory sign after his resignation from office following the Watergate scandal in 1974; The United States was still involved in the Vietnam War in the early decade. The New York Times leaked information regarding the nation's involvement in the war. Political pressure led to America's withdrawal from the war in 1973, and the Fall of Saigon in 1975 leading to evacuations of South Vietnamese that same year; the 1973 oil crisis causes a financial crisis throughout the developed world; both the leaders of Israel and Egypt shake hands after the signing of the Camp David Accords in 1978; in 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces commits the 1971 Bangladesh genocide to curb independence movements in East Pakistan, killing 300,000 to 3,000,000 people; this consequently leads to the Bangladesh Liberation War; the 1970 Bhola cyclone kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan in November 1970, and became the deadliest natural disaster in 40 years; the Iranian Revolution of 1979 ousts Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who is later replaced by an Islamic theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini; the popularity of the disco music genre and subculture peaks during the mid-to-late 1970s.
(from 1970s)
Image 56Debby Boone song "You Light Up My Life" had the most weeks at number one (from 1970s in music)
Image 57A West German school girl with Schultüte in 1970, with a 'hippyish' outfit on. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 58Salah Zulfikar and Zubaida Tharwat in The Other Man (1973) (from 1970s)
Image 59Pink Floyd, 1973 (from 1970s in music)
Image 60Color TV-Game (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 61Line at a gas station in Maryland, June 15, 1979. (from 1970s)
Image 62Frisbee player Ken Westerfield wearing draw string bell bottoms in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 63A young woman wearing a wrap dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 64Galaxian (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 65The world map of military alliances in 1970s: Western allies (blue), Non-aligned countries (green) and Soviet allies (red) (from 1970s)
Image 66British rock band Killing Floor, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 67British girls in 1975 in flared jeans (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 68Led Zeppelin, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 69The Vietnam War (1955–1975) (from 1970s)
Image 70Two punks from the late 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 71Microvision (1979) is the first handheld game console that used interchangeable cartridges. (from 1970s)
Image 72Ramones's lead guitarist Johnny Ramone performing in Toronto, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 73 Fairchild Channel F (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 74Typical mid to late 1970s Ted gear, as worn by Shakin' Stevens. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 75Honda Civic sold well throughout the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 76Silk scarves were popular fashion accessories for women in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 77Park Chung Hee (from 1970s)
Image 78TRS-80 (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 79American casual attire, 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 80Siouxsie Sioux of the English punk group Siouxsie and the Banshees. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 81John Denver, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 82The Eagles (from 1970s in music)
Image 83Swedish model Efva Attling in a "midi" dress, with Lars Jacob, Kings Road, London, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 84Woman in miniskirt, 1970 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 85Asteroids (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 86Anti-war protest against the Vietnam War in Washington, D.C., on April 24, 1971. (from 1970s)
Image 87Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat shake hands, Camp David, 1978 (from 1970s)
Image 88Flared jeans and trousers were popular with both sexes as can be seen at this East German disco party in 1977. In the socialist part of Germany (until 1990), the government regarded western influences on cultural life of their population very critical, but factually tolerated them in many fields. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 89American First Lady Pat Nixon wears a shirt with the wide collar that was popular until the final years of the decade. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 90Pink Floyd performing The Dark Side of the Moon in 1973, the highest-selling album of the decade and one of the highest-selling of all time. (from 1970s)
Image 91Apple II (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 92Bruce Lee fostered the popularity of martial arts cinema (from 1970s)
Image 93Mid-70s Western-inspired outifts worn by country music group Asleep at the Wheel. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 94British rock band Led Zeppelin was one of the most popular and influential bands of the 1970s. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal. (from 1970s)
Image 95Rigo Tovar (from 1970s in music)
Image 96Charlie Rich (from 1970s in music)
Image 97Footballer George Best wore long hair in 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 98African American couple, Michigan Avenue, Chicago, July 1975 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 99Henry Mancini (from 1970s in music)
Image 100Aldo Moro (from 1970s)
Image 101AC/DC, August 1979 (from 1970s in music)
Image 102In 1971 hotpants and bell-bottomed trousers were popular fashion trends (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 103Margaret Thatcher shortly before becoming the United Kingdom's first woman Prime Minister in 1979. Thatcher's political and economic agenda began the first government committed to neoliberalism. (from 1970s)
Image 1041970 Dodge Challenger Trans Am, an example of a muscle car in the earlier part of the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 105Jose Jose (from 1970s in music)
Image 106Kansas (from 1970s in music)
Image 107Singer Billy Preston in 1974 wearing an Afro hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 108Nixon displays the V-for-victory sign as he departs the White House after resigning (from 1970s)
Image 109Idi Amin (from 1970s)
Image 110Fashion models in Leipzig, GDR, 1972. One of the girls is modelling a "maxi" dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 1111979 Iranian Revolution (from 1970s)
Image 112The 1970 Bhola cyclone, considered the 20th century's worst cyclone disaster, kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan during November 1970. (from 1970s)
Image 113British singer Rod Stewart, 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 114British rock band Queen (pictured here in 1977) was considered to be one of the most influential bands of the '70s (as well as the '80s), along with American rock band Eagles and others (from 1970s)
Image 115The early 1970s' fashions were a continuation of the hippie look from the late 1960s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 116Voyager 1 passing by Jupiter's Great Red Spot February 25, 1979 (from 1970s)
Image 117The British band The Bee Gees were one of the biggest musical acts of the 1970s leading the disco phenomenon (from 1970s in music)
Image 118Loretta Lynn (from 1970s in music)
Image 119In the 1970s, women's hair was usually worn long with a centre parting (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 120Commodore PET (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 121Steve McQueen with sideburns, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 122Elton John was one of the most commercially successful solo pop acts of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 123Microvision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 124Los Angeles high school students, 1973. The tousled, blond surfer hair was popular for young men in southern California. (from 1970s in fashion)

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