Talk:List of signs and symptoms of diving disorders

List of signs and symptoms of diving disorders is a featured list, which means it has been identified as one of the best lists produced by the Wikipedia community. If you can update or improve it, please do so.

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Signs and symptoms of oxygen toxicity in 36 subjects

Here's an alternate formulation of the data from Donald's study, making symptom the key field:

Signs and symptoms of oxygen toxicity in 36 subjects
Signs and symptoms	Time to onset (minutes)
Lip-twitching	6, 8, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21, 23, 25, 26, 32, 35, 51, 55, 62, 67
Nausea	6, 15, 35, 62
Diaphragmatic spasm	7
Tingling	9
Vertigo	9, 18, 35, 62
Dazed	9, 51
Confusion	15
Syncope	15, 16
Inspiratory predominance	16
Spasmodic respiration	16, 17
Epigastric aura	18, 23
Convulsion	20, 27, 30, 32, 33
Amnesia	21
Arm twitch	21, 62
Drowsiness	26
Blubbering of lips	51
Fell asleep	51
Dazzle	51, 96
Euphoria	62
Vomiting	96

And with "plainrowheaders":

Signs and symptoms of oxygen toxicity in 36 subjects
Signs and symptoms	Time to onset (minutes)
Lip-twitching	6, 8, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21, 23, 25, 26, 32, 35, 51, 55, 62, 67
Nausea	6, 15, 35, 62
Diaphragmatic spasm	7
Tingling	9
Vertigo	9, 18, 35, 62
Dazed	9, 51
Confusion	15
Syncope	15, 16
Inspiratory predominance	16
Spasmodic respiration	16, 17
Epigastric aura	18, 23
Convulsion	20, 27, 30, 32, 33
Amnesia	21
Arm twitch	21, 62
Drowsiness	26
Blubbering of lips	51
Fell asleep	51
Dazzle	51, 96
Euphoria	62
Vomiting	96

Comments on whether either of these formulations would be preferable would be welcome. --RexxS (talk) 19:53, 12 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

A summary-style version of the table, with centred numbers and plain row headers:

Signs and symptoms of oxygen toxicity observed in 36 subjects
Signs and symptoms	Frequency	Earliest onset (minutes)	Latest onset (minutes)
Lip-twitching	24	6	67
Vertigo	5	9	62
Convulsion	5	20	33
Nausea	4	6	62
Spasmodic respiration	3	16	17
Dazed	2	9	51
Syncope	2	15	16
Epigastric aura	2	18	23
Dazzle	2	51	96
Diaphragmatic spasm	1	7	7
Tingling	1	9	9
Confusion	1	15	15
Inspiratory predominance	1	16	16
Amnesia	1	21	21
Arm twitch	2	21	62
Drowsiness	1	26	26
Blubbering of lips	1	51	51
Fell asleep	1	51	51
Euphoria	1	62	62
Vomiting	1	96	96

Comments welcome. --RexxS (talk) 21:29, 15 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

The third table is the best. Would it be reasonable to include "blubbering of the lips" in "lip-twitching"? Axl ¤ [Talk] 10:48, 17 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

I guess that "inspiratory predominance" means "prolonged inspiration"? I don't think that most readers would realise this. (Indeed I'm not even sure.) Axl ¤ [Talk] 10:50, 17 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

Okay, I'll modify the article to use plainrowheaders where I can. Donald doesn't offer any explanation of whether "blubbering" was different from "twitching" – although we have to consider the possibility that different attendants may have made the notes, producing inconsistency. On balance, I don't think we'd be taking too big a liberty by including blubbering with twitching, so I'll do that.

I read "inspiratory predominance" as meaning that the diver breathed in slowly over a longer period, then exhaled more rapidly and forcefully. I've found myself doing that when I've had the sensation of "not having enough breath" - trying to get that extra bit of air into the lungs, a sort of exaggerated yawning. I haven't been able to find an article explaining that phenomenon that I could link to. --RexxS (talk) 14:57, 17 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

I agree regarding "blubbering of the lips".

For your information, the normal time duration of inspiration is about half that of expiration; expiration normally takes longer. There are some disease processes that cause reversal of this, notably where lung compliance is reduced such as in ARDS and interstitial lung disease. Exercise in a healthy individual normally causes a reduction in the I:E ratio because forced expiration is limited by expiratory muscle strength (which is weaker than inspiratory muscle strength) and collapse of the airways.

If you are happy that the general reader would understand the meaning of "inspiratory predominance", that's fine by me. Axl ¤ [Talk] 12:50, 18 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

I think many readers would find the jargon off-putting, and I just wish there was an article that covered what you outline above. For the moment, I've added a note to the table in an effort to explain. See if you think it's an improvement. --RexxS (talk) 14:31, 18 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

Okay, I suppose that I'll have to create "Inspiratory:expiratory ratio". ;-) Axl ¤ [Talk] 09:17, 20 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

That would be even better! Cheers --RexxS (talk) 13:05, 20 December 2010 (UTC)[reply]

Other barotraumas of descent and ascent

Would these not also be considered diving disorders, to the same extant as all the others listed? • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 09:54, 5 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

The sources I normally use (Bennett & Elliott, Donald, etc,) describe DCS, AGE, narcosis, oxygen toxicity and HPNS in sufficient detail to allow me to extract a substantial list of signs and symptoms for each of those. What sources and other disorders are you thinking of, Peter? Would there be a sufficient number of signs and symptoms for any of them to make a useful list? For example, burst eardrum => huge pain in the ear, but there's probably not enough to make a list even if you include vertigo and nausea as likely other signs. --RexxS (talk) 14:32, 5 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Mask, suit and helmet squeeze

Normal and reverse squeeze of the ears and sinuses

Tooth squeezes

Possibly others that slip my mind at the moment. • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 12:34, 6 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Here's what I've been able to find so far:

Pressure-related disorders
Disorder	Signs and symptoms	Related article	Ref
Mask squeeze	Bloodshot, bruised eyes; petechial hemorrhages, subconjunctival hemorrhages	Barotrauma #Mask squeeze	Marx, John (2010). Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice 7th edition. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby/Elsevier. p. 1907. ISBN 978-0-323-05472-0.
Barosinusitis	Pain, nosebleed	Barotrauma #Barosinusitis	Marx, John (2010). Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice 7th edition. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby/Elsevier. p. 1907. ISBN 978-0-323-05472-0.
Compression barotrauma of the middle ear	Ear pain during descent, tinnitus, vertigo	Barotrauma #Ear barotrauma	Molvaer, Otto I (2003). "Otorhinolaryngological Aspects of Diving". In Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (eds.). Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving, 5th Rev ed. United States: Saunders. p. 233. ISBN 0702025712.
Decompression barotrauma of the middle ear	Ear pain during ascent, vertigo, disorientation, nausea, vomiting	Barotrauma #Ear barotrauma	Molvaer, Otto I (2003). "Otorhinolaryngological Aspects of Diving". In Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (eds.). Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving, 5th Rev ed. United States: Saunders. p. 234. ISBN 0702025712.
Inner ear barotrauma	Ear pain, vertigo, disorientation, nausea, vomiting	Barotrauma #Ear barotrauma	Molvaer, Otto I (2003). "Otorhinolaryngological Aspects of Diving". In Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (eds.). Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving, 5th Rev ed. United States: Saunders. pp. 240–41. ISBN 0702025712.
Dental barotrauma	Tooth pain	Barodontalgia	Molvaer, Otto I (2003). "Otorhinolaryngological Aspects of Diving". In Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (eds.). Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving, 5th Rev ed. United States: Saunders. pp. 251–52. ISBN 0702025712.
Helmet squeeze	-	List of diving hazards and precautions #Pressure changes during descent	No reliable sources

I don't think any of those have sufficient content to make an individual list for the disorder, in the same way as I was able to for the five existing lists, but do you think that a collective list, similar to the one above, would make a useful addition? --RexxS (talk) 14:28, 6 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

All barotraumas, so can reasonably go in one table, possibly two, if you split barotrauma of descent from ascent. I would say start with one, and split it if it gets too big. Definitely a useful addition if the article is to claim complete coverage. • • • Peter (Southwood) ^(talk): 19:08, 7 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

I have been revisiting pulmonary barotraumas and noticed that there was no mention of pnuemothorax, mediastinal emphysema or interstitial emphysema, all of which were mentioned in more than one diving course as consequences of lung overpressure injury. I think these are all generally accepted as significant diving disorders, though not only encountered in diving. · · · Peter Southwood ^(talk): 06:34, 28 March 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Hypercapnia (carbon dioxide toxicity) caused by excessive work of breathing

This is recognised as a problem and has been identified as a contributory factor to cause of death in deep dives. Should it be added to the list? · · · Peter Southwood ^(talk): 03:29, 23 April 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Scope

Lead sentence defines the scope as Diving disorders are medical conditions specifically arising from underwater diving. Some of the listed conditions can also occur during other hyperbaric exposures, and even hypobaric exposures, for example, barotraunas, decompression sickness, oxygen toxicity and nitrogen narcosis can also occur during compressed air work, while barotraumas and decompression sickness can occur during space flight and high altitude aviation. · · · Peter Southwood ^(talk):