List of wars involving the United States in the 20th century
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Wars of the United States |
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This is a list of military conflicts, that United States has been involved in the 20th century.
This list is part of a larger series of list articles that cover the various wars involving the United States from its colonial roots to the present. They are:
- Lists of wars involving the United States
- List of Colonial American Wars in the 17th century
- List of Colonial American Wars in the 18th century
- List of wars involving the United States in the 18th century
- List of wars involving the United States in the 19th century
- List of wars involving the United States in the 20th century
- List of wars involving the United States in the 21st century
For the criteria of what may be permitted on this list please refer to Lists of wars involving the United States.
Key
[edit]
US victory Another result * US defeat
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*e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive
20th-century wars
[edit]Conflict | Allies | Opponent(s) | Result for the United States and its Allies | Presidents of the United States |
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Crazy Snake's War (1909) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Oklahoma ![]() |
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Creek | US victory | Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909) Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge |
Mexican Border War (1910–1919) Part of the Mexican Revolution, the Banana Wars, and World War I Location: Mexico–United States border |
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US victory
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William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913) Woodrow Wilson |
Little Race War (1912) Part of the Banana Wars Location: Cuba ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913) |
United States occupation of Nicaragua (1912–1933) Part of the Banana Wars Location: Nicaragua ![]() |
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US victory
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William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913) Woodrow Wilson Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover |
Bluff War (1914–1915) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Utah and Colorado ![]() |
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Ute Paiute |
US victory | Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) |
United States occupation of Veracruz (1914) Part of the Mexican Revolution Location: Mexico ![]() |
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US victory | Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) |
United States occupation of Haiti (1915–1934) Part of the Banana Wars Location: Haiti ![]() |
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US-allied victory | Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt |
United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924) Part of the Banana Wars Location: Dominican Republic ![]() |
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US victory | Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge |
World War I (1914–1918, direct U.S. involvement in 1917–1918) Location: Europe, Africa, Asia, Middle East, Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Islands, and coast of North and South America Specific locations where the United States was involved in battles or attacks during World War I: Atlantic Ocean, Belgium, France, Italy ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) |
Russian Civil War (1917–1922, direct U.S. involvement in 1918–1920) Part of the Russian Revolution, the revolutions of 1917–1923 and the aftermath of World War I Location: Russia |
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Bolshevik victory[2]
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Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921) |
Posey War (1923) Part of the American Indian Wars Location: Utah ![]() |
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Ute Paiute |
US victory
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Warren G. Harding (March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923) |
World War II (1939–1945, direct U.S. involvement in 1941–1945) Location: Europe, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Middle East, Mediterranean, North Africa, Oceania, North and South America Specific locations where the United States was involved in battles or attacks during World War II: Algeria, Aruba, Atlantic Ocean, Australia, Austria, Bay of Biscay, Belgium, Bismarck Sea, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Caribbean Sea, China, Christmas Island, Coral Sea, Croatia, Czech Republic, East China Sea, Egypt, Federated States of Micronesia, France, Germany, Greenland, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Java Sea, Kiribati, Libya, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Manchukuo, Marshall Islands, Mediterranean Sea, Montenegro, Morocco, Nauru, Netherlands, Norway, Pacific Ocean, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Philippine Sea, Romania, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Solomon Sea, South China Sea, Soviet Union, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tunisia, United States (Alaska, Guam, Hawaii, Midway Atoll, Northern Mariana Islands, Wake Island) ![]() |
Allies:
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Axis:
Non-Axis:
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US-allied victory
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Franklin D. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman |
Operation Beleaguer (1945–1949) Part of the Chinese Civil War and the Cold War Location: Hebei and Shandong provinces, China ![]() |
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Inconclusive/Other Result
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Harry S. Truman (April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953) |
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party insurgency (1950–1954) Part of political violence in the United States during the Cold War Location: Puerto Rico and Washington, D.C. |
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United States victory
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Harry S. Truman (April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953) Dwight D. Eisenhower |
Korean War (1950–1953) Part of the Cold War and the Korean conflict Location: Korea ![]() |
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Inconclusive/Other Result
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Harry S. Truman (April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953) Dwight D. Eisenhower |
Vietnam War (1955–1964[a], 1965–1973[b], 1974–1975[c]) Part of the Cold War and the Indochina Wars Location: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos ![]() |
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North Vietnam-allied victory
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Dwight D. Eisenhower (January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961) John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson Richard Nixon Gerald Ford |
Permesta Rebellion (1958–1961) Location: Indonesia ![]() |
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Indonesian government victory | Dwight D. Eisenhower' (January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961) |
Lebanon crisis (1958) Part of the Cold War Location: Lebanon ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Dwight D. Eisenhower' (January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961) |
Laotian Civil War (1959–1975) Part of the Cold War, the Vietnam War and the Indochina Wars Location: Laos ![]() |
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Pathet Lao-allied victory
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Dwight D. Eisenhower (January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961) John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson Richard Nixon Gerald Ford |
Bay of Pigs Invasion (1961) Part of the Cold War and the Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution Location: Cuba ![]() |
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Cuban government victory
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John F. Kennedy (January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963) |
Operation Dragon Rouge (1964) Part of the Simba Rebellion during the Congo Crisis and the Decolonization of Africa during the Cold War Location: Stanleyville, Congo-Léopoldville ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Lyndon B. Johnson (November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969) |
Dominican Civil War (1965–1966) Part of the Cold War Location: Dominican Republic ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Lyndon B. Johnson (November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969) |
Korean DMZ Conflict (1966–1969) Part of the Cold War and the Korean conflict Location: Korean Demilitarized Zone ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Lyndon B. Johnson (November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969) Richard Nixon |
Ñancahuazú Guerrilla Campaign (1966–1967) Part of the Cold War Location: Bolivia ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Lyndon B. Johnson (November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969) |
Cambodian Civil War (1967–1975) Part of the Cold War, the Vietnam War, the Indochina Wars and the Sino-Soviet Split Location: Cambodia ![]() |
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Khmer Rouge-allied victory
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Lyndon B. Johnson (November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969) Richard Nixon Gerald Ford |
Operation Eagle Claw (1980) Part of the Iran hostage crisis Location: Iran ![]() |
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Iranian Victory[7][8]
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Jimmy Carter (January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981) |
Gulf of Sidra incident (1981) Part of the Gulf of Sidra incidents and the Cold War Location: Gulf of Sidra, Mediterranean Sea |
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US victory
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
Multinational intervention in Lebanon (1982–1984) Location: Lebanon ![]() |
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Syrian-allied victory
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
United States invasion of Grenada (1983) Part of the Cold War Location: Grenada ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
Operation Prairie Fire (1986) Part of the Gulf of Sidra incidents and the Cold War Location: Gulf of Sidra, Mediterranean Sea |
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US victory
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
Bombing of Libya (1986) Part of the Cold War Location: Libya ![]() |
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Inconclusive
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
Tanker War (1987–1988) Part of the Iran–Iraq War Location: Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz and Sea of Oman ![]() |
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US victory
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
Air battle near Tobruk (1989) Part of the Gulf of Sidra incidents and the Cold War Location: Mediterranean Sea ![]() |
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US victory
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Ronald Reagan (January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989) |
United States invasion of Panama (1989–1990) Part of the Cold War and the War on Drugs Location: Panama ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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George H. W. Bush (January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993) |
Gulf War (1990–1991) Part of the Cold War Location: Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Israel ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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George H. W. Bush (January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993) |
Iraqi No-Fly Zone Enforcement Operations (1991–2003) Part of the prelude to the Iraq War Location: Iraq ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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George H. W. Bush (January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993) Bill Clinton George W. Bush |
First U.S. Intervention in the Somali Civil War (1992–1995) Part of the Somali Civil War and the UNOSOM II mission Location: Somalia |
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Somali victory
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George H. W. Bush (January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993) Bill Clinton |
Bosnian War and Croatian War (1992–1995) Part of the Yugoslav Wars Location: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia ![]() |
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Inconclusive/Other Result
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George H. W. Bush (January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993) Bill Clinton |
Intervention in Haiti (1994–1995) Location: Haiti ![]() |
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US-allied victory
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Bill Clinton (January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001) |
Kosovo War (1998–1999) Part of the Yugoslav Wars Location: Serbia ![]() |
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US-allied victory[15]
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Bill Clinton (January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001) |
See also
[edit]- List of notable deployments of U.S. military forces overseas
- Timeline of United States military operations
- Military history of the United States
- United States Armed Forces
- List of American military installations
- List of United States drone bases
- Social history of soldiers and veterans in the United States
- Perdicaris affair
Notes
[edit]- ^ Axis invasion of the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union's subsequent alliance with the United Kingdom. Its strategic purpose was to ensure the safety of Allied supply lines to the USSR (see the Persian Corridor), secure Iranian oil fields, limit German influence in Iran (Reza Shah had leveraged Germany to offset the British and Soviet spheres of influence on Iran) and preempt a possible Axis advance from Turkey through Iran toward the Baku oil fields or British India. In 1943 Iran formalized its declaration of war against Germany. Iran was invaded by Soviet and British forces two months after the
- ^ Russification of social and economic practices, and virtually all remaining opposition to Stalinist policy was eradicated. The Soviets desired the mineral resources of the republic and a permanent end to Mongolian-Chinese geopolitical intrigues in the region. This process culminated in the absorption of Tuva in 1944. Tuva underwent intense
- ^ Italian Civil War was the deposition and arrest of Benito Mussolini on 25 July 1943 by King Victor Emmanuel III, after which Italy signed the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943, ending its war with the Allies. However, German forces began occupying Italy immediately prior to the armistice, through Operation Achse, and then invaded and occupied Italy on a larger scale after the armistice, taking control of northern and central Italy and creating the Italian Social Republic. The event that later gave rise to the
- ^ rapid military reversal impelled King Michael I to depose the pro-German dictator Marshal Ion Antonescu, triggering Romania's exit from the Axis. A
- ^ Fatherland Front staged a coup, overthrowing the pro-German government. Encountering itself in a precarious situation wherein it remained in Germany's orbit —politically and militarily— but faced an ever-increasing threat of the approaching Red Army, forces of the communist
- ^ Continuation War alongside Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union. As the tide of the war shifted to the Allies' side, however, Finland signed the Moscow Armistice, and undertook a military campaign to expel German troops from its territory—what is known as the Lapland War. Finland engaged in the
- ^ After the liberation of France began in 1944, the Free French Provisional Government of the French Republic was installed as the new national government, led by Charles de Gaulle. The last of the Vichy exiles were captured in the Sigmaringen enclave in April 1945.
- ^ While not formally a member of the Axis powers, the Soviet Union entered into a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany and maintained a partnership with it from 1939 to 1941 through additional agreements. As part of its effort to carve spheres of influence, the USSR participated in the invasion and partition of Poland, annexed the Baltic States, seized Romanian territories, and fought Finland in the Winter War.[3][4][5][6]
- ^ Meeting at Hendaye failed to bring Spain formally into the Axis, Madrid offered military support via the Blue Division and Blue Squadron. Partly because of the collapse of the Axis powers, partly because of Allied pressure, Spain withdrew most of its support from 1944 onwards. Spanish policy towards Nazi Germany in particular —and the Axis in general— oscillated from “strict neutrality” to “non-belligerence”. While Hitler's efforts at the
- ^ Three months after the military defeat of the RSK in Operation Storm,[12] the UN-sponsored Erdut Agreement between the Croatian and RSK authorities was signed on 12 November 1995.[13] The agreement provided for a two-year transitional period, later extended by a year, during which the remaining occupied territory of Croatia was to be transferred to control of the Croatian government. The agreement was implemented by UNTAES and successfully completed by 1998.[14]
References
[edit]- ^ Advisory role from the forming of the MAAG in Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin incident.
- ^ Direct U.S. involvement ended in 1973 with the Paris Peace Accords. The Paris Peace Accords of January 1973 saw all U.S forces withdrawn; the Case–Church Amendment, passed by the U.S Congress on August 15, 1973, officially ended direct U.S military involvement .
- ^ The war reignited on December 13, 1974, with offensive operations by North Vietnam, leading to victory over South Vietnam in under five months.
- ^ "City of Albuquerque". City of Albuquerque.
- ^ Kenez, Peter (1977). Civil War in South Russia, 1919–1920: The Defeat of the Whites. Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. p. 182. ISBN 978-0520033467.
- ^ "The Soviet Role in World War II: Realities and Myths". Harvard University – Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies. 18 May 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
- ^ "The Devils' Alliance: Hitler's Pact with Stalin, 1939-1941 – review". The Guardian. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
- ^ "Russia Should Own Up to Stalin-Hitler Friendship". Bloomberg. 18 September 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
- ^ "Poland set to mark 85 years since WWII Soviet invasion". Polskie Radio. 16 September 2024. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
- ^ Lu Fong, Chua (2002). "Operation Eagle Claw, 1980: A Case Study In Crisis Management and Military Planning". SAFTI Military Institute. Archived from the original on November 10, 2003. Retrieved April 16, 2025.
- ^ "Jimmy Carter: Iran hostage rescue should have worked". USA Today. September 7, 2010. Archived from the original on February 10, 2012. Retrieved April 16, 2025.
- ^ "Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Larry Speakes". September 23, 1982.
- ^ Brinkley, Joel (March 11, 1984). "The Collapse of Lebanon's Army: U.S. Said to Ignore Factionalism". The New York Times.
- ^ Martel, William C. Victory in War: Foundations of Modern Military Policy, p. 162. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
- ^ Dean E. Murphy (8 August 1995). "Croats Declare Victory, End Blitz". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
- ^ Chris Hedges (12 November 1995). "Serbs in Croatia Resolve Key Issue by Giving up Land". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
- ^ Chris Hedges (16 January 1998). "An Ethnic Morass Is Returned to Croatia". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
- ^ References:
- Stigler, Andrew L. "A clear victory for air power: NATO's empty threat to invade Kosovo." International Security 27.3 (2003): 124–157.
- Biddle, Stephen. "The new way of war? Debating the Kosovo model." (2002): 138–144.
- Dixon, Paul. "Victory by spin? Britain, the US and the propaganda war over Kosovo." Civil Wars 6.4 (2003): 83–106.
- Harvey, Frank P. "Getting NATO's success in Kosovo right: The theory and logic of counter-coercion." Conflict Management and Peace Science 23.2 (2006): pp. 139–158.
External links
[edit]- Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
- Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements
- A Continent Divided: The U.S.-Mexico War[permanent dead link], Center for Greater Southwestern Studies, the University of Texas at Arlington
- Timeline of wars involving the United States, Histropedia
- U.S. Periods of War and Dates of Recent Conflicts, Congressional Research Service
- Lists of wars in the 20th century
- 20th-century military history of the United States
- Wars involving the United States
- Lists of wars by country involved
- United States history-related lists
- United States military-related lists
- Battles of World War I involving the United States
- Battles of the Korean War involving the United States
- Battles of the Vietnam War involving the United States