Draft:Grea Kucha Mosche1
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Last edited by Bearcat (talk | contribs) 18 days ago. (Update) |
| Kuqa Grand Mosque | |
|---|---|
库车大寺 | |
 Kucha Grand Mosque, Kucha | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| Location | |
| Location | Kuqa, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China |
  Location in Xinjiang | |
| Geographic coordinates | 41°43′14.73″N 82°55′39.19″E / 41.7207583°N 82.9275528°E |
| Architecture | |
| Type | Mosque |
| Style | Islamic, with Timurid influences |
| Date established | 16th century |
| Completed | 1932 (reconstruction) |
| Capacity | Approx. 3,000 |
Kucha Grand Mosque (库车大寺) (Uyghur: كۇچا مەسچىتى), also known as Kucha Jamun Mosque (库车加满清真寺), Kucha Mosque of Kegodun (克戈墩清真寺库车大寺), is a historic mosque located in Kucha (库车市), Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China. It is designated as a National Key Cultural Relic (全国重点文物保护单位) of the People's Republic of China. As of 2020, it is the second largest mosque in Xinjiang after the Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar (喀什市艾提尕尔清真寺) and uniquely preserves the site of a former Islamic law court (宗教法庭), exemplifying an integration of religious and governmental functions.[news 1][book 1]
History
[edit]In the 16th century, the founder of the Black Mountain sect (黑山派) Ihashak Wali (伊斯哈克·瓦里) is believed to have preached in the region between Kashgar (喀什噶尔) and Kucha. Tradition holds that he founded the mosque in 1561, although some accounts date it to 1559.[book 1][book 2][journal 1]
The mosque underwent an expansion during the seventh year of the Kangxi Emperor’s reign (1668) and was repaired several times over subsequent centuries.[journal 1] In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925, though some accounts note 1929), a fire damaged part of the wooden structure of the main hall.[book 2][journal 1]
Later that same year, local imam Airimu Aji (艾里木阿吉) financed the reconstruction of the mosque; the rebuilding was completed in 1932, bringing it to roughly its current scale.[book 3]
During the 1958 Kucha flood (1958年库车洪水), the mosque’s elevated location spared it from inundation.[book 4] However, during the Cultural Revolution (文化大革命), the mosque was left unattended and suffered damage. In the 1990s, new facilities—including an Islamic scripture school, ablution room, and restrooms—were constructed on the site. A comprehensive restoration was undertaken between 2002 and 2003; in 2003 the mosque was designated as a key cultural relic of Xinjiang, and in 2013 it was officially recognized as a National Key Cultural Relic by the Chinese government.[book 5]
Current status
[edit]The Kucha Grand Mosque is situated on a plateau known as Kegodun (克戈墩) in the northwest of Kucha’s old town, approximately 100 meters east of the Kucha River (库车河) and about 400 meters from the Linji Road Martyrs Memorial (林基路烈士纪念馆).[book 5][journal 1] The entire complex covers 14,368 square meters, with an additional 200-meter construction control zone outside its protected area, and includes a main prayer hall, entrance pavilion, religious court, scripture school, and ablution facilities.
The prayer hall is a long rectangular structure divided into inner and outer sections. The outer hall measures 43 by 40 meters and accommodates roughly 3,000 worshippers. Its exterior is adorned with intricate brick carvings, and the interior is supported by uniquely designed wooden columns. The entrance pavilion—reminiscent of Timurid revival architecture—is constructed of brick with a dome covered in green glazed tiles and features decorative arches, blind niches, and corner minarets with inscriptions in Islamic calligraphy.[book 6][book 7]
The mosque is also notable for its preserved religious court (宗教法庭), which occupies nearly 300 square meters. Built in an “L” shape with a single-story, corridor-style layout, the court once served as an Islamic tribunal. Artifacts found at the site include legal manuscripts, official seals, and instruments used in judicial proceedings.[book 1][book 3]
References
[edit]- ^ 李永君 [Li Yongjun] (November 22, 2020). "宗教法庭：独特的法制符号 ——西域书简 [Religious Law Court: A Unique Legal Symbol — West Region Documents]". 《检察日报》 [The Procuratorate Daily] (第04版：绿海·风景 [Page 04: Green Sea, Scenery] ed.).
- ^ a b c 新疆维吾尔自治区文物局 [Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Cultural Relics Bureau], ed. (2015). 新疆文化遗产—全国重点文物保护单位 [Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang—National Key Cultural Relics]. 北京 [Beijing]: 文物出版社 [Wenwu Publishing House]. pp. 172–173. ISBN 978-7-5010-4367-5.
- ^ a b 范霄鹏 [Fan Xiaopeng] (2015). 新疆古建筑 [Ancient Architecture of Xinjiang]. 北京 [Beijing]: 中国建筑工业出版社 [China Architecture & Building Press]. pp. 103–104. ISBN 978-7-112-18833-8.
- ^ a b 裴孝曾 [Pei Xiaozeng] (1993). 《库车县志》编纂委员会 [Kucha County Annals Committee] (ed.). 库车县志 [Kucha County Annals]. 乌鲁木齐 [Wulumuqi]: 新疆大学出版社 [Xinjiang University Press]. p. 665. ISBN 7-5631-0401-1.
- ^ 张胜仪 [Zhang Shengyi] (1999). 新疆传统建筑艺术 [Traditional Architectural Arts of Xinjiang]. 乌鲁木齐 [Wulumuqi]: 新疆科技卫生出版社 [Xinjiang Science and Technology Press]. pp. 108–110. ISBN 7-5372-1567-7.
- ^ a b 新疆维吾尔自治区文物局 [Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Cultural Relics Bureau], ed. (2015). 不可移动的文物 阿克苏地区卷（1） [Immovable Cultural Relics: Aksu Prefecture Volume (1)]. 乌鲁木齐 [Wulumuqi]: 新疆美术摄影出版社 [Xinjiang Fine Arts and Photography Publishing House]. pp. 362–363. ISBN 978-7-5469-6648-9.
- ^ 左力光 [Zuo Ligang] (2013). 伊斯兰建筑装饰艺术 [Islamic Architectural Decoration Art]. 乌鲁木齐 [Wulumuqi]: 新疆美术摄影出版社 [Xinjiang Fine Arts and Photography Publishing House]. pp. 42–45. ISBN 978-7-5469-4665-8.
- ^ 新疆维吾尔自治区文物局 [Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Cultural Relics Bureau], ed. (2011). 新疆维吾尔自治区第三次全国文物普查成果集成·阿克苏地区卷 [Compilation of the Third National Cultural Relics Survey Results of Xinjiang: Aksu Prefecture Volume]. 北京 [Beijing]: 科学出版社 [Science Press]. p. 162. ISBN 978-7-03-032496-2.