4,5-Dihydroxytryptamine

4,5-Dihydroxytryptamine
Clinical data
Other names	4,5-DHT
Drug class	Serotonergic neurotoxin
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-4,5-diol;
CAS Number	42241-03-2;
PubChem CID	179537;
ChemSpider	156274;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30195079 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C10H12N2O2
Molar mass	192.218 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C1=CC(=C(C2=C1NC=C2CCN)O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H12N2O2/c11-4-3-6-5-12-7-1-2-8(13)10(14)9(6)7/h1-2,5,12-14H,3-4,11H2; Key:HKPREGWFNPFQEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

4,5-Dihydroxytryptamine (4,5-DHT) is a serotonergic neurotoxin of the tryptamine family.^[1]^[2] It is structurally related to the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT).^[1]^[2] The drug is also a monoamine reuptake inhibitor.^[3] Its analogue 4-hydroxy-5-methoxytryptamine (4-HO-5-MeO-T) is also a serotonergic neurotoxin.^[3] Rapid auto-oxidation of 4,5-DHT and 4-HO-5-MeO-T prevents them from being used as serotonergic neurotoxins in scientific research.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b Nobin A, Björklund A (June 1978). "Degenerative effects of various neurotoxic indoleamines on central monoamine neurons". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 305 (1): 305–327. Bibcode:1978NYASA.305..305N. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb31531.x. PMID 360938.
^ ^a ^b Björklund A, Nobin A, Stenevi U (December 1973). "The use of neurotoxic dihydroxytryptamines as tools for morphological studies and localized lesioning of central indolamine neurons". Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie. 145 (4): 479–501. doi:10.1007/BF00306720. PMID 4774982.
^ ^a ^b Horn AS, Baumgarten HG, Schlosserberger HG (July 1973). "Inhibition of the uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and dopamine into rat brain homogenates by various hydroxylated tryptamines". Journal of Neurochemistry. 21 (1): 233–236. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb04242.x. PMID 4720899.
^ Schlossberger HG (1978). "Synthesis and Chemical Properties of Some Indole Derivatives". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 305 (1): 25–35. Bibcode:1978NYASA.305...25S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb31508.x. ISSN 0077-8923.

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[NobinBjörklund1978-1] Nobin A, Björklund A (June 1978). "Degenerative effects of various neurotoxic indoleamines on central monoamine neurons". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 305 (1): 305–327. Bibcode:1978NYASA.305..305N. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb31531.x. PMID 360938.

[BjörklundNobinStenevi1973-2] Björklund A, Nobin A, Stenevi U (December 1973). "The use of neurotoxic dihydroxytryptamines as tools for morphological studies and localized lesioning of central indolamine neurons". Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie. 145 (4): 479–501. doi:10.1007/BF00306720. PMID 4774982.

[HornBaumgartenSchlosserberger1973-3] Horn AS, Baumgarten HG, Schlosserberger HG (July 1973). "Inhibition of the uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and dopamine into rat brain homogenates by various hydroxylated tryptamines". Journal of Neurochemistry. 21 (1): 233–236. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb04242.x. PMID 4720899.

[Schlossberger1978-4] Schlossberger HG (1978). "Synthesis and Chemical Properties of Some Indole Derivatives". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 305 (1): 25–35. Bibcode:1978NYASA.305...25S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb31508.x. ISSN 0077-8923.

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v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins
Dopaminergic	2′-CH₃-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA quinone 6,7-DHT ALDH inhibitors (e.g., disulfiram, methylmercury) Amphetamine Benomyl Daidzin Dieldrin DOPA quinone DOPAL DOPAL quinone Dopamine Dopamine quinone Fenpropathrin Haloperidol HPP⁺ HPTP Mancozeb Maneb Mephedrone Methamphetamine Methcathinone Methylone MPP⁺ (cyperquat) MPTP N-Methylnorsalsolinol Norsalsolinol Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) Paraquat Rotenone Salsolinol Ziram
Noradrenergic	2′-NH₂-MPTP (2′-amino-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 4,5-DHT 5,6-DHT 5,7-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa DOPEGAL DSP-4 MDA (tenamfetamine) Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) Xylamine
Serotonergic	2′-NH₂-MPTP (2′-amino-MPTP) 2,4-DCA 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 3-CA 3,4-DCA 4-CAB (α-ethyl-PCA) 4-CMA 4-HO-5-MeO-T 4,5-DHT 5-IAI 5-MAPB 5,6-DHT 5,7-DHT 6,7-DHT αET Fenfluramine Haloperidol HHA (α-methyldopamine) HHMA (α-methylepinine, α,N-dimethyldopamine) HPP⁺ HPTP MBDB MDA (tenamfetamine) MDMA (midomafetamine) Mephedrone Methamphetamine Methylone Norfenfluramine PBA PBMA PCA PCMA PIA
Unsorted	5-HIAL RHPP⁺ RHPTP
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Adrenergics • Dopaminergics • Melatonergics • Serotonergics • Monoamine reuptake inhibitors • Monoamine releasing agents • Monoamine metabolism modulators

v t e Tryptamines
Tryptamines	1-Methyl-T 2-HO-NMT 2-Methyl-DET 2,N,N-TMT (2-Me-DMT) 3-IAAR 4-Fluoro-DMT 4-Fluoro-T 5-Bromo-DMT 5-Bromo-T 5-Chloro-DMT 5-Chloro-T 5-CT 5-Ethyl-DMT 5-Fluoro-DET 5-Fluoro-DMT 5-Fluoro-EPT 5-Fluoro-T 5-Me-MiPT 5-MeS-DMT 5-Methyl-DMT 5-Methyl-T 6-Fluoro-DET 6-Fluoro-DMT 6-Fluoro-T 6-MeO-DMT 6-MeO-T 6-Methyl-T 6,7-DHT 7-Chloro-T 7-MeO-T 7-Methyl-DMT 7-Methyl-T Acetryptine (5-AT) Benzotript (4-CB-Trp) BGE Bretisilocin (5-fluoro-MET; GM-2505) Convolutindole A (2,4,6-TBr,1,7-DiMeO-DMT) DALT DBT Desformylflustrabromine DET (T-9) DiPT DMT DPT E-6801 E-6837 EiPT EPT FGIN-127 FGIN-143 Idalopirdine iPALT (ALiPT) Lespedamine (1-MeO-DMT) MBT MET MiPT MPT MSBT N-DEAOP-NET N-DEAOP-NMT NBoc-DMT NET/NETP NiPT NMT NSBT NTBT PALT PiPT ST-1936 (2-Me-5-Cl-DMT) Tryptamine (T; indolylethylamine) Tryptophan (Trp) Yuremamine Z2876442907
4-Hydroxytryptamines and esters/ethers	1-Methylpsilocin (CMY-16) 4-AcO-DALT 4-AcO-DET (ethacetin, ethylacybin) 4-AcO-DiPT (ipracetin) 4-AcO-DMT (psilacetin; O-acetylpsilocin) 4-AcO-DPT (depracetin) 4-AcO-EPT 4-AcO-MALT 4-AcO-MET (metacetin) 4-AcO-MiPT (mipracetin) 4-AcO-NMT 4-AcO-TMT 4-HO-5-MeO-T 4-HO-DALT (dalocin) 4-HO-DBT 4-HO-DET (ethocin; CZ-74) 4-HO-DPT (deprocin) 4-HO-DSBT 4-HO-EiBT (eibucin) 4-HO-EPT 4-HO-MALT 4-HO-MET (metocin) 4-HO-McPT 4-HO-McPeT 4-HO-MiPT (miprocin) 4-HO-MPT (meprocin) 4-HO-MsBT 4-HO-NALT 4-HO-NiPT 4-HO-PiPT (piprocin) 4-HO-TMT 4-HT (dinorpsilocin) 4-MeO-DiPT 4-MeO-DMT 4-MeO-MiPT 4-MeO-T 4-PrO-DMT 4,5-DHT 4,5-MDO-DMT 4,5-MDO-DiPT Aeruginascin (4-PO-TMT) Baeocystin (4-PO-NMT) EB-002 (EB-373) Ethocybin (4-PO-DET; CEY-19) Iprocin (4-HO-DiPT) MSP-1014 Norbaeocystin (4-PO-T) Norpsilocin (4-HO-NMT) O-4310 (1-iPrO-6-F-psilocin) Psilocin (4-HO-DMT; CX-59) Psilocybin (4-PO-DMT; CY-39) Psilomethoxin (4-HO-5-MeO-DMT) Psilomethoxybin (4-PO-5-MeO-DMT) RE-104 (FT-104; 4-GO-DiPT) RE-109 (4-GO-DMT)
5-Hydroxy- and 5-methoxytryptamines	2-Methyl-5-HT 4-HO-5-MeO-T 4-F-5-MeO-DMT 4,5-DHP-DMT 4,5-DHT 4,5-MDO-DMT 4,5-MDO-DiPT 5-BT 5-Ethoxy-DMT 5-HO-DiPT 5-HO-NiPT 5-HTP (oxitriptan) 5-MeO-2-TMT 5-MeO-34MPEMT 5-MeO-7,N,N-TMT 5-MeO-DALT 5-MeO-DBT 5-MeO-DET 5-MeO-DiPT 5-MeO-DMT (N,N,O-TMS; O-methylbufotenine) 5-MeO-DPT 5-MeO-EiPT 5-MeO-EPT 5-MeO-MALT 5-MeO-MET 5-MeO-MiPT 5-MeO-NET 5-MeO-NiPT 5-MeO-NMT (O,N-DMS) 5-MeO-PiPT 5-MeO-NBpBrT 5-MeO-T (5-MT; mexamine; O-methylserotonin) 5-MeO-T-NBOMe 5-MT-NB3OMe 5-NOT 5,6-DHT 5,6-MDO-DiPT 5,6-MDO-DMT 5,6-MDO-MiPT 5,6-MeO-MiPT 5,7-DHT Arachidonoyl serotonin ASR-3001 (5-MeO-iPALT) BAB Benanserin (BAS; SQ-4788) BGC20-761 Bufotenidine (5-HTQ; N,N,N-TMS) Bufotenin (5-HO-DMT; N,N-DMS; mappine) Bufoviridine (5-SO-DMT) CP-132,484 Cqd 280 Cqd 285 Cqdd 280 EMDT (2-Et-5-MeO-DMT) HIOC Indorenate (TR-3369) Isamide (N-CA-5-MT) L-741604 MS-245 N-DEAOP-5-MeO-NET N-DEAOP-5-MeO-NMT N-Feruloylserotonin (moschamine) Norbufotenin (5-HO-NMT; NMS) O-Acetylbufotenine (5-AcO-DMT) O-Pivalylbufotenine (5-(t-BuCO)-DMT) Psilomethoxin (4-HO-5-MeO-DMT) Psilomethoxybin (4-PO-5-MeO-DMT) Serotonin (5-HT)
N-Acetyltryptamines	2-Iodomelatonin 2-Phenylmelatonin 5-Methoxyluzindole 6-Chloromelatonin 6-Fluoromelatonin 6-Hydroxymelatonin 6-Methoxymelatonin 6,7-Dichloro-2-methylmelatonin α-Methylmelatonin Luzindole Melatonin (N-Ac-O-Me-serotonin; N-Ac-5-MeO-T) Normelatonin (N-acetylserotonin; NAS) N-Acetyltryptamine N-Butanoylmelatonin N-Propionylmelatonin Piromelatine TIK-301 (LY-156735)
α-Alkyltryptamines	1-Methyl-AMT 2,α-DMT (2-Me-AMT) 4-HO-αMT (MP-14) 4-Methyl-αET 4-Methyl-αMT (MP-809) 5-Chloro-αET (PAL-526) 5-Chloro-αMT (PAL-542) 5-Fluoro-αET (PAL-545) 5-Fluoro-αMT (PAL-212; PAL-544) 5-Methyl-αET 6-Fluoro-αMT 7-Chloro-αMT 7-Me-αET α-Methyltryptophan (αMTP) α,N-DMT (N-Me-αMT; SKF-7024, Ro 3-1715) α,N,N-TMT (α-Me-DMT; Alpha-N) αET (etryptamine; Monase) αMT (Indopan; IT-290; 3-API; 3-IT) IPAP (α,N-DPT) Soclenicant (BNC-210; Ile–Trp) 5-Hydroxy- and 5-alkoxy-α-alkyltryptamines: 1-Pr-5-MeO-AMT 5-Allyloxy-AMT 5-Ethoxy-αMT 5-iPrO-αMT 5-MeO-αET 5-MeO-αMT (α,O-DMS; Alpha-O) α-Methyl-5-HTP α-Methylmelatonin α-Methylserotonin (5-HO-αMT; α-Me-5-HT) α,N,O-TMS (5-MeO-α,N-DMT) α,N,N,O-TeMS (5-MeO-α,N,N-TMT) AL-37350A (4,5-DHP-αMT) BW-723C86 β-Keto-α-alkyltryptamines: BK-5Br-NM-AMT BK-5Cl-NM-AMT BK-5F-NM-AMT BK-NM-AMT
Triptans	Almotriptan Donitriptan Eletriptan Frovatriptan L-694247 Rizatriptan Sumatriptan Zolmitriptan
Cyclized tryptamines	Barettin Bufothionine Ciclindole Cyclic 3-OHM Ergolines and lysergamides (e.g., LSD) Flucindole Frovatriptan Harmala alkaloids and β-carbolines (e.g., 6-MeO-THH, 9-Me-BC, β-carboline (norharman), harmaline, harmalol, harmane, harmine, pinoline, tetrahydroharmine, tryptoline) Iboga alkaloids (e.g., ibogaine, ibogamine, noribogaine, tabernanthine) Ibogalogs (e.g., ibogainalog, ibogaminalog (DM-506), noribogainalog, tabernanthalog) Imidazolylindoles (e.g., AGH-107, AGH-192, AH-494) LY-266,097 LY-344864 Metralindole O-Methylnordehydrobufotenine Partial ergolines and lysergamides (e.g., NDTDI, RU-27849, RU-28251, RU-28306, LY-178210, Bay R 1531 (LY-197206), LY-293284, 10,11-seco-LSD, 10,11-secoergoline (α,N-Pip-T), CT-5252) Pertines (e.g., alpertine, milipertine, oxypertine, solypertine) PHA-57378 Piperidinylethylindoles (e.g., Pip-T, indolylethylfentanyl) PNU-22394 Pyrrolidinylethylindoles (e.g., Pyr-T, 4-HO-pyr-T, 5-MeO-pyr-T, 4-F-5-MeO-pyr-T) Pyrrolidinylmethylindoles (e.g., MPMI, 4-HO-MPMI (lucigenol), 5F-MPMI, 5-MeO-MPMI, CP-135807, eletriptan) Tetrahydropyridinylindoles (e.g., RS134-49, RU-28253) Yohimbans (e.g., yohimbine, rauwolscine, spegatrine, corynanthine, ajmalicine, reserpine, deserpidine, rescinnamine)
Isotryptamines	5-MeO-isoDMT 6-MeO-isoDMT isoAMT (1-API; 1-IT; α-Me-isoT) isoDMT Isotryptamine (isoT) Ro60-0175 VER-3323 Zalsupindole (DLX-001, AAZ-A-154) Cyclized isotryptamines: JRT PNU-181731
Related compounds	2-Azapsilocin 4-Aza-5-MeO-DPT 5-Aza-4-MeO-DiPT 5-HIAA 5-HIAL 5-HITCA 5-MIAL 7-Aza-5-MeO-DiPT Amedalin Benzindopyrine Benzofurans (e.g., 3-APB, 5-MeO-DiBF, BPAP, 3-F-BPAP, dimemebfe, mebfap) Benzothiophenes (e.g., 3-APBT) CP-94253 CT-4436 Daledalin Gramine Histamine I-32 IAL IN-399 Indazoles (e.g., AL-34662, AL-38022A, O-methyl-AL-34662, VU6067416, YM-348) Indenes (e.g., C-DMT) Indolizines (e.g., TACT908 (2ZEDMA), 1ZP2MA, 1Z2MAP1O) Indolylaminopropanes (e.g., 1-API, 2-API, 4-API, 5-API (5-IT; PAL-571), 6-API (6-IT), 7-API) Iprindole Latrepirdine Masupirdine Medmain Molindone Non-tryptamine triptans (e.g., avitriptan, LY-334370, naratriptan) Phenethylamines (e.g., phenethylamine, amphetamine) Piperidinylindoles (e.g., BRL-54443, LY-334370, naratriptan, sertindole, SN-22) Pirlindole Pyridinylindoles (e.g., tepirindole) Pyrrolylethylamines (e.g., 2-pyrrolylethylamine (NEA), 3-pyrrolylethylamine (3-NEA), 3-pyrrolylpropylamine) Quinolinylethylamines (e.g., mefloquine) (R)-69 (3IQ) Ro60-0213 Selisistat Tetrahydropyridinylindoles (e.g., EMD-386088, LY-367265, RU-24,969) Tetrindole Tiflucarbine Tipindole Zilpaterol (RU-42173)
See also: Phenethylamines Ergolines and lysergamides Psychedelics

See also

References