Vilner Emes
 February 7, 1941 issue of Vilner Emes | |
Native name | ווילנער עמעס |
|---|---|
| Type | Daily |
| Editor-in-chief | Dovid Umru |
| Founded | August 21, 1940 |
| Political alignment | Communist |
| Language | Yiddish |
| Ceased publication | March 13, 1941 |
| City | Vilnius |
| Country | Lithuanian SSR |
| Circulation | 8,100 |
Vilner Emes (Yiddish: ווילנער עמעס, 'Vilnius Truth') was a Yiddish language daily newspaper published in Vilnius from 1940 to 1941.
Profile
[edit]The newspaper was published daily.[1] The first issue was published on August 21, 1940, replacing the newspaper Vilner Togblat.[2][3][4] Vilner Emes was an organ of the Vilnius City Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania.[5] The newspaper had a circulation of 8,100 copies.[6]
Initially the newspaper merely contained translations and reprints from Pravda and other central Soviet press organs, but later the newspaper would include both articles from the Soviet press with coverage on local affairs.[1][7][8] Vilner Emes followed Soviet Yiddish orthography of Soviet Yiddish, and thus did not utilize the final forms of Hebrew letters.[9][10]
Editorial team
[edit]Dovid Umru, a member of the Kaunas Yiddish writers grouping, became the chief editor of Vilner Emes and he would edit every issue of the publication throughout its seven months of existence.[1][2][11][12] Salomon Belis-Legis was the editorial secretary of the newspaper.[1][11] Several members of the Yung-Vilne literary group worked for the newspaper, such as Abraham Sutzkever, Hirsh Glick, Chaim Grade, Leyzer Volf, Shmerke Kaczerginski, Leah Rudnitsky and Sholem Zhirman.[1][11] With a significant grouping of Vilnius Yiddish writers on its staff, the newspaper dedicated significant attention to local Yiddish literature.[1] Bialystok-based Berl Mark was an editor of the newspaper, providing coverage on Belorussia and Ukraine.[1][11] The Yung-Vilne editors and reporters of Vilner Emes generally cooperated well with YIVO.[11]
Closure
[edit]115 issues were published in 1940, and 61 issues were published in 1941.[2][1] The last issue was published on March 13, 1941.[2][11] On March 14, 1941 it was announced that Vilner Emes had been merged into the Kaunas-based newspaper and organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania Der Emes.[1] Soviet Yiddish writer Zelik Akselrod, who was touring Vilnius and Kaunas in early 1941, had urged Yiddish writers to protests the plans to close down Vilner Emes.[1] Later accounts attribute, in part, his execution in Minsk in mid-1941 to this protest.[1] In July 1941, during the German occupation of Lithuania, the former Vilner Emes editor Umru was killed by the Gestapo.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Dov Levin. The Lesser of Two Evils: Eastern European Jewry Under Soviet Rule, 1939-1941. Jewish Publication Society, 1995. p. 122-123, 128, 233
- ^ a b c d Грант Левонович Епископосов. Газеты СССР, 1917-1960: Газеты Москвы, Ленинграда и столиц союзных республик. Книга, 1970. p. 127
- ^ Our Press, Vol. 6. World Federation of Jewish Journalists, 1990. p. 32
- ^ Contemporary Jewish Record, Vol. 4. American Jewish Committee., 1941. p. 144
- ^ Jews and Jewish Topics in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, Issues 8-10. The Centre, 1989. p. 97
- ^ Liudas TRUSKA. Tikros ir primestos kaltės. ŽYDAI IR LIETUVIAI PIRMUOJU SOVIETMEČIU 1940-1941
- ^ Gennady Estraikh. In Harness: Yiddish Writers' Romance with Communism. Syracuse University Press, 2005. p. 170
- ^ a b Klaus-Peter Friedrich. Poland September 1939 – July 1941. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2023. p. 615
- ^ Leiman, Shnayer Z. From the Pages of Tradition: THE DAY VILNA DIED: Yosef Friedlander. Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought, vol. 37, no. 2, 2003, pp. 88–92. JSTOR
- ^ Gennadiĭ Ėstraĭkh. Soviet Yiddish: Language Planning and Linguistic Development. Clarendon Press, 1999. p. 135
- ^ a b c d e f Andrzej Żbikowski. U genezy Jedwabnego: żydzi na kresach północno-wschodnich II Rzeczypospolitej, wrzesień 1939-lipiec 1941. Żydowski Instytut Historyczny, 2006. p. 287
- ^ Joanna Lisek. Jung Wilne: żydowska grupa artystyczna. Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2005. p. 168