User:Looie496/Human brain outline
This is a temporary page to help me work on the Human brain article in a structured way.
- Lead
Structure
[edit]- corticalization
Cerebral hemispheres
[edit]- symmetry
Cerebral cortex
[edit]- functional specificity
- lobes
- Because of the arbitrary way most of the borders between lobes are demarcated, they have little functional significance.
- gyri and sulci
- Deep folding features in the brain, such as the inter-hemispheric and lateral fissure, which divides the left and right brain, and the lateral sulcus, which "splits-off" the temporal lobe, are present in almost all normal subjects.
functional divisions
[edit]- sensory areas
- motor areas
- and association areas.
Cytoarchitecture
[edit]- Brodmann areas
local topography
[edit]- maps
- In visual areas, the maps are retinotopic.
- In auditory areas, the primary map is tonotopic.
- Within a topographic map there can sometimes be finer levels of spatial structure.
Cognition
[edit]- Understanding the relationship between the brain and the mind is a great challenge.
- dualism and arguments against it
Lateralization
[edit]- Each hemisphere of the brain interacts primarily with one half of the body.
- In most respects, the left and right sides of the brain are symmetrical in terms of function, but there are exceptions.
- split-brain patients.
- The differences between left and right hemispheres are greatly overblown in much of the popular literature on this topic.
Development
[edit]- During the first 3 weeks of gestation, the human embryo's ectoderm forms a thickened strip called the neural plate.
Evolution
[edit]In the course of evolution of the Homininae, the human brain has grown in volume from about 600 cc in Homo habilis to about 1500 cc in Homo sapiens neanderthalensis.
- Studies tend to indicate small to moderate correlations (averaging around 0.3 to 0.4) between brain volume and IQ.
Sources of information
[edit]- Neuroscientists, along with researchers from allied disciplines, study how the human brain works.
- Information about the structure and function of the human brain comes from a variety of experimental methods. Some techniques, however, are used mainly in humans, and therefore are described here.
EEG
[edit]MEG
[edit]Structural and functional imaging
[edit]Effects of brain damage
[edit]- A key source of information about the function of brain regions is the effects of damage to them.
Language
[edit]- left hemisphere contains specialized language areas.
Pathology
[edit]- Injuries to the brain
- Diseases of the brain
- Infectious diseases
- Genetic conditions
Metabolism
[edit]- brain energy consumption
- glucose as source
- importance for functional imaging