User:Hungrydog55/sandbox/military/europeanfront/1944-08 GothicLine oob
Gothic Line order of battle is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in Operation Olive, the Allied offensive on the Gothic Line in northern Italy, August–September 1944, and in the subsequent fighting in the central Apennine mountains and on the plains of eastern Emilia–Romagna up to April 1945.
Allied Forces Headquarters Mediterranean
[edit]Supreme Allied Commanders Mediterranean
Sir Henry M. Wilson (thru 12 Dec 1944)
Sir Harold Alexander (from 12 Dec 1944)
US Fifth Army Commanders
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Lt. Gen. Mark W. Clark
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Lt. Gen. Lucian K. Truscott
Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean
- General Sir Henry Maitland Wilson (thru 12 Dec 1944)
- Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander (from 12 Dec 1944)
- Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean
- Lieutenant General Jacob L. Devers (thru Sep 1944)
- Lieutenant General Joseph T. McNarney (from Sep 1944)
- Chief of Staff
- Lieutenant-General Sir James Gammell (thru 12 Dec 1944)
- Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding (from 12 Dec 1944 to 6 Mar 1945[1])
- Lieutenant-General William Morgan (from 6 Mar 1945[1])
Allied Armies in Italy (until 12 Dec 1944)
- Commander-in-chief: General Sir Harold Alexander
- Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding
Allied 15th Army Group (from 12 Dec 1944)
- Commander: Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark[a]
- Chief of Staff: Major General Alfred Gruenther
US Fifth Army
[edit]
Commander
- Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark (thru 16 Dec 1944)
- Lieutenant General Lucian K. Truscott (from 16 Dec 1944)
US II Corps
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Major General Geoffrey Keyes
US 34th Infantry "Red Bull" Division- Major General Charles L. Bolte
- Infantry
- Artillery
- Division troops
- 109th Engineer Combat Battalion
- 34th Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- 109th Medical Battalion
US 88th Infantry "Cloverleaf" Division- Major General Paul W. Kendall
- Infantry
- 349th Infantry Regiment
- 350th Infantry Regiment
- CMoH recipient: Sgt. Manuel V. Mendoza
- 351st Infantry Regiment
- Artillery
- Division troops
- 313th Engineer Combat Battalion
- 88th Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- 313th Medical Battalion
- 88th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
- Infantry
US 91st Infantry "Wild West" Division- Major General William G. Livesay
- Infantry
- 361st Infantry Regiment
- 362nd Infantry Regiment
- 363rd Infantry Regiment
- CMoH recipient: PFC Oscar G. Johnson
- Artillery
- Division troops
- 316th Engineer Combat Battalion
- 91st Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- 316th Medical Battalion
- 91st Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
- Infantry
US 85th Infantry "Custer" Division[c]- Major General John B. Coulter
- Infantry
- 337th Infantry Regiment
- CMoH recipient: Sgt. Chris Carr
- 338th Infantry Regiment
- CMoH recipients: Sgt. George D. Keathley (KIA 14 Sep), Lt. Orville Emil Bloch
- 339th Infantry Regiment
- 337th Infantry Regiment
- Artillery
- Division troops
- 310th Engineer Combat Battalion
- 85th Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- 310th Medical Battalion
- 85th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
- Infantry
Italian Combat Group "Legnano" (from 1945)
US IV Corps
[edit]
Major General Willis D. Crittenberger
MUS 1st Armored "Old Ironsides" Division- Major General Vernon Prichard
- Armor
- 1st Tank Battalion
- 4th Tank Battalion
- 13th Tank Battalion
- Infantry
- 6th Armored Infantry Battalion
- 11th Armored Infantry Battalion
- 14th Armored Infantry Battalion
- Artillery
- Division troops
- th Engineer Combat Battalion
- t Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- th Medical Battalion
- t Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
- Armor
South African 6th Armoured Division
- Major-General Evered Poole
US 92nd Infantry "Buffalo Soldiers" Division[d]- Major General Edward Almond (from Aug 1944)
- Infantry
- Artillery
- 598th Field Artillery Battalion
- CMoH recipient: Lt. John R. Fox[f]
- th Field Artillery Battalion
- th Field Artillery Battalion
- th Field Artillery Battalion
- 598th Field Artillery Battalion
- Division troops
Brazilian 1st Infantry Division- General Mascarenhas de Morais (from Nov 1944)
- th Engineer Combat Battalion
- t Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- th Medical Battalion
- t Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
US 10th Mountain Division- Major General George Price Hays (from Feb 1945)
- Infantry
- Artillery
- Division troops
- th Engineer Combat Battalion
- t Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- th Medical Battalion
- t Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
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- US 85th Infantry "Custer" Division[g]
- Major-General John B. Coulter
- Infantry
- Artillery
- Division troops
- th Engineer Combat Battalion
- t Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
- th Medical Battalion
- t Counterintelligence Corps Detachment
British XIII Corps
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Transferred to British Eighth Army Jan 1945
Lieutenant-General Sidney Kirkman (thru 25 Jan 1945)
Lieutenant-General John Harding (from 25 Jan 1945)
- 6th Army Group Royal Artillery
British 4th Infantry Division- Major-General Alfred Dudley Ward (until Sep 1944)
British 6th Armoured Division- Major-General Horatius Murray (from Aug 1944 to Mar 1945)
8th Indian Infantry Division- Major-General Dudley Russell (until Mar 1945)
10th Indian Infantry Division- Major-General Denys Whitehorn Reid (from Feb 1945)
S1st Canadian Armoured Brigade (until Feb 1945)
British 1st Infantry Division- Major-General Charles Loewen (until Jan 1945)
Independent units under Army HQ
[edit]- Brazilian Expeditionary Force (General Mascarenhas de Moraes) (from November 1944)
- US 92nd Infantry Division (Major-General Edward M. Almond) (from November 1944)
British Eighth Army
[edit]British Eighth Army Commanders
Lt.-Gen. Oliver Leese
Lt.-Gen. Richard L. McCreery
Lieutenant-General Sir Oliver Leese (thru 1 Oct 1944)
Lieutenant-General Sir Richard L. McCreery (from 1 Oct 1944)
British V Corps
[edit]Lieutenant-General Charles Keightley
- 1st Army Group Royal Artillery
- British 1st Armoured Division
- Major-General Richard Hull (thru 25 Sep 1944)
- British 4th Infantry Division
- Major-General Alfred Dudley Ward (Oct thru Nov 1944)
- 4th Indian Infantry Division
- Major-General Arthur Holworthy (thru Oct 1944)
- British 46th Infantry Division
- Major-General John Hawkesworth (thru 6 Nov 1944)
- Major-General Stephen Weir (thru Dec 1944)
- British 56th Infantry Division
- Major-General John Whitfield
- British 78th Infantry Division
- Major-General Donald Butterworth (thru 10 Oct 1944)
- Major-General Keith Arbuthnott (from Mar 1945)
- British 6th Armoured Division
- Major-General Horatius Murray (18–23 Apr 1945)
- 8th Indian Infantry Division
- Major-General Dudley Russell (from Mar 1945)
- 10th Indian Infantry Division
- Major-General Denys Reid (Oct 1944 to Feb 1945)
- 2nd New Zealand Division
- Lieutenant-General Sir Bernard C. Freyburg (Nov 1944 to 14 Apr 1945)
- Jewish Brigade (from February to March 1945)
- Italian Liberation Corps (1944)[2]
- 184th Paratroopers Division "Nembo"
- I Brigade
- II Brigade
- Italian Combat Group "Cremona" (from 1945)
- Italian 28th Brigade "Garibaldi" (from 1945)
British X Corps
[edit]Thru Dec 1944 and from Feb 1945
Lieutenant-General Sir Richard McCreery (until 6 November 1944)
Lieutenant-General John Hawkesworth (from 6 November 1944)
- 2nd Army Group Royal Artillery
- 10th Indian Infantry Division
- Major-General Denys Whitehorn Reid (until October 944)
- 10th Indian Infantry Brigade
- 20th Indian Infantry Brigade
- 25th Indian Infantry Brigade
- 10th Indian Infantry Division
- British 9th Armoured Brigade
- Jewish Brigade (from March 1945)
- Italian Combat Group "Friuli" (from 1945)
British XIII Corps
[edit]- Transferred from US Fifth Army Jan 1945
- See roster above under US Fifth Army
Canadian I Corps
[edit]Thru Feb 1945
Lieutenant-General E. L. M. Burns (thru 10 Nov 1944)
Lieutenant-General Charles Foulkes (from 10 Nov 1944)
- First Canadian Army Group Royal Canadian Artillery
- Canadian 1st Infantry Division
- Major-General Chris Vokes (thru 1 Dec 1944)
- Major-General H. W. Foster (from 1 Dec 1944)
- 1st Canadian Infantry Brigade
- 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade
- 3rd Canadian Infantry Brigade
- Canadian 5th Armoured Division
- Major-General Bert Hoffmeister
- 5th Canadian Armoured Brigade
- 11th Canadian Infantry Brigade
- 12th Canadian Infantry Brigade
- British 7th Armoured Brigade
- British 21st Tank Brigade
- British 4th Infantry Division (Sep thru Oct 1944)
- Major-General Dudley Ward
- 2nd New Zealand Division (Sep thru Oct 1944)
- Lieutenant-General Sir Bernard Freyberg
- Major-General C. E. Weir (acting commander 3 Sep thru 17 Oct 1944)
- 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade (Sep thru Oct 1944)
- Colonel Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos
Polish II Corps
[edit]Lieutenant-General Władysław Anders
- Army Group Polish Artillery
- Polish 3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (Major-General Bolesław Bronisław Duch)
- 1st Carpathian Rifle Brigade
- 2nd Carpathian Rifle Brigade
- Polish 5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Major-General Nikodem Sulik)
- 5th Wilenska Infantry Brigade
- 6th Lwowska Infantry Brigade
- Polish 2nd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier-General Bronislaw Rakowski)
Other Units
[edit]- British 2nd Commando Brigade (Brigadier Ronnie Tod) (1945)
- British 2nd Parachute Brigade (Brigadier Charles Pritchard) (to December 1944)
German Army Group C
[edit]US Fifth Army Commanders
Field Marshall Albert Kesselring
General Heinrich von Vietinghoff
Field Marshal Albert Kesselring (until 25 October 1944, from January 1945 until 9 March 1945)
General Heinrich von Vietinghoff (from 25 October 1944 until January 1945 and from 9 March 1945)
Tenth Army
[edit]General Heinrich von Vietinghoff (until 25 October 1944)
Lieutenant-General Joachim Lemelsen (from 25 October 1944 to 15 February 1945)
Lieutenant-General Traugott Herr (from 15 February 1945)
- LXXVI Panzer Corps
- Lieutenant-General Traugott Herr (until 26 December 1944)
- Lieutenant-General Graff Gerhard von Schwerin (from 26 December 1944 to 25 April 1945)
- Major-General Karl von Graffen (from 25 April 1945)
- 1st Parachute Division (Lieutenant-General Richard Heidrich until 18 November 1944 then Brigadier Karl-Lothar Schulz)
- 5th Mountain Division (Major-General Max-Günther Schrank to 18 January 1945, then Brigadier-General Hans Steets)
- 71st Infantry Division (Major-General Wilhelm Raapke) (until December 1944)
- 162nd Infantry Division (Major-General Ralph von Heygendorff)
- 278th Infantry Division (Major-General Harry Hoppe)
- LI Mountain Corps
- Lieutenant-General Valentin Feurstein until March 1945 and then Lieutenant-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck
- 44th Reichsgrenadier Division Hoch und Deutschmeister (Major-General Hans-Günther von Rost) (until November 1944)
- 114th Jäger Division (Brigadier-General Hans-Joachim Ehlert to 15 April 1945 then Brigadier-General Martin Strahammer)
- 232nd Infantry Division (Lieutenant-General Eccard Freiherr von Gablenz)
- 305th Infantry Division (Lieutenant-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck until Dec 1944 then Brigadier-General Friedrich von Schellwitz)
- 334th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Böhlke)
- 715th Infantry Division (Brigadier-General Hanns von Rohr) (until January 1945)
- Italian 1st "Italia" Bersaglieri Division (Major-General Mario Carloni)
Fourteenth Army
[edit]Lieutenant-General Joachim Lemelsen (to 24 October 1944 and from 17 February 1945)
Lieutenant-General Frido von Senger und Etterlin (October 1944)
Lieutenant-General Heinz Ziegler (24 October to 22 November 1944)
Lieutenant-General Traugott Herr (22 November to 12 December 1944)
Lieutenant-General Kurt von Tippelskirch (from 12 December 1944 to 16 February 1945)
- I Parachute Corps
- Lieutenant-General Alfred Schlemm (to 30 September 1944)
- Lieutenant-General Richard Heidrich (from 1 November 1944 to 23 January 1945)
- Major-General Hellmuth Böhlke (from 23 January 1945 to 7 February 1945)
- Lieutenant-General Richard Heidrich (from 7 February 1945)
- 4th Parachute Division (Major-General Heinrich Trettner)
- 356th Infantry Division (Major-General Karl Faulenbach to October 1944)
- 362nd Infantry Division (Major-General Heinz Greiner)
- XIV Panzer Corps
- Lieutenant-General Frido von Senger und Etterlin
- 26th Panzer Division (Major-General Eduard Crasemann to 29 January 1945 then Brigadier-General Alfred Kuhnert to 19 April 1945 then Major-General Viktor Linnarz)
- 65th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Pfeifer)
- 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS (SS-Gruppenführer Max Simon until 24 October 1944 then SS-Brigadeführer Otto Baum)
Army Group Liguria
[edit]General Rodolfo Graziani
- 42nd Jäger Division (Major-General Walter Jost)
- 34th Infantry Division (Major-General Theobald Lieb)
- Italian 3rd "San Marco" Marine Division (Major-General Amilcare Farina)
- Italian 4th "Monterosa" Mountain Division (Colonel Giorgio Milazzo)
Army Reserve
[edit]- 29th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Fritz Polack)
- 20th Luftwaffe Field Division re-designated 20th Luftwaffe Sturm Division in June 1944 (Brigadier-General Wilhelm Crisolli until 1 June 1944 then Brigadier-General Erich Fronhöfer)
Independent Units
[edit]- LXXV Corps (Italian–French border)
- Lieutenant-General Hans Schlemmer
- 148th Reserve Division (Major-General Otto Schönherr) (to August 1944)
- 90th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Ernst-Günther Baade to 9 December 1944 then Lieutenant-General Gerhard von Schwerin to 26 December 1944 then Brigadier-General Heinrich Baron von Behr)
- 157th Mountain Division re-designated 8th Mountain Division in February 1945 (Major-General Paul Schricker)
- Adriatic Coast Command
- 94th Infantry Division (Major-General Bernhard Steinmetz)
- 188th Mountain Division (Major-General Hans von Hößlin)
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Blaxland, Gregory (1979). Alexander's Generals (the Italian Campaign 1944-1945). London: William Kimber & Co. ISBN 0-7183-0386-5.
- Carver, Field Marshal Lord (2001). The Imperial War Museum Book of the War in Italy 1943-1945. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 0-330-48230-0.
- Jackson, General Sir William & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1987]. Butler, Sir James (ed.). The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI: Victory in the Mediterranean, Part 2 - June to October 1944. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-071-8.
- Jackson, General Sir William & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1988]. Butler, Sir James (ed.). The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI: Victory in the Mediterranean, Part 3 - November 1944 to May 1945. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-072-6.
- Montemaggi, Amedeo (2002). LINEA GOTICA 1944. La battaglia di Rimini e lo sbarco in Grecia decisivi per l'Europa sud-orientale e il Mediterraneo. Rimini: Museo dell'Aviazione.
- Montemaggi, Amedeo (2006). LINEA GOTICA 1944: scontro di civiltà. Rimini: Museo dell'Aviazione.
- Montemaggi, Amedeo (2008). CLAUSEWITZ SULLA LINEA GOTICA. Imola: Angelini Editore.
- Montemaggi, Amedeo (2010). ITINERARI DELLA LINEA GOTICA 1944. Guida storico iconografica ai campi di battaglia. Rimini: Museo dell'Aviazione.
- Orgill, Douglas (1967). The Gothic Line (The Autumn Campaign in Italy 1944). London: Heinemann.
Online
- Houterman, Hans; Koppes, Jeroen. "World War II unit histories and officers". Archived from the original on 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
- "Orders of Battle.com". Archived from the original on 2007-07-17. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
- "ALLIED ORDER OF BATTLE". Retrieved 2011-07-03.
- "GERMAN ORDER OF BATTLE". Retrieved 2011-07-03.
- Wendell, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle". Archived from the original on 2006-10-29. Retrieved 2007-07-23.