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Turuñuelo

Coordinates: 38°56′57″N 06°03′53″W / 38.94917°N 6.06472°W / 38.94917; -6.06472
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Face found in the site in 2023. It features earrings characteristic of the Tartessian goldsmith work.[1]

El Turuñuelo, also called Casas del Turuñuelo and El Turuñuelo de Guareña, is an archaeological site in Guareña, province of Badajoz, Spain. It corresponds to the late Tartessian culture developed in the Middle Guadiana Valley in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula in the 5th century BCE after the downfall of the Tartessian archaeological culture's main core around the Guadalquivir valley by the end of the 6th century BCE.[2] It consists of a huge 2,500-year-old two-floor building which was ritually set on fire and buried after a hecatomb-like ceremony was performed.[3]

The mound under which the building is located was already known since the 1980s.[4] The earliest digging works began in 2015.[5] As of 2021, there were another 12 similar structures identified in the region, of which only two, Cancho Roano (Zalamea de la Serena) and La Mata [es] (Campanario) had been excavated.[6] The site was declared bien de interés cultural in May 2022.[5]

The six last steps of the courtyard stairs in the site singularly display the use of lime mortar.[7]

Sculptural representations

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In April of 2023, several sculptures that represent the first human representations of Tartessian culture were discovered. They were found during the fifth excavation campaign carried out by a CSIC team at the Casas de Turuñuelo site.

These are five unusual anthropomorphic busts dating from the 5th century BC, and they represent a paradigm shift in the iconic interpretation of Tartessian culture.[citation needed] Until then, it was believed to be aniconic because it represented divinity only through animal or plant motifs, or through betyls (sacred stones). Esther Rodríguez, from the team at the Mérida Institute of Archaeology, mentioned at the press conference held on the same day that "This discovery changes the reading of art history."[citation needed]

References

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  1. ^ Vigario, David (8 April 2023). "El "insólito" descubrimiento arqueológico de Turuñuelo: las primeras representaciones humanas de Tarteso". El Mundo.
  2. ^ Berrocal-Rangel, Luis; Celestino Pérez, Sebastián; Rodríguez González, Esther (2020). Marín-Aguilera, Beatriz; Gleba, Margarita (eds.). "Textiles and Rituality in the Late Tartessian Culture of the Guadiana Valley". Sagvntvm. 20. Valencia: Departament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antiga de la Universitat de València: 113. ISSN 2253-7295.
  3. ^ "El Turuñuelo se ha convertido en un ejemplo excepcional para el estudio de la arquitectura tartésica". Hoy Guareña. 12 October 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
  4. ^ Celestino Pérez & Rodríguez González 2019, p. 343.
  5. ^ a b "Meritxell Batet destaca el yacimiento tartésico de 'El Turuñuelo' en Guareña y la "colaboración entre administraciones"". Europa Press. 17 September 2022.
  6. ^ Macías, C. (12 July 2021). "El Turuñuelo: la misteriosa escalera extremeña que podría cambiar todos los manuales". El Confidencial.
  7. ^ Celestino Pérez, Sebastián; Rodríguez González, Esther (2019). "Un espacio para el sacrificio: el patio del yacimiento tartésico de Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Badajoz)". Complutum. 30 (2). Madrid: Ediciones Complutense: 362. doi:10.5209/cmpl.66337. hdl:10261/213982. ISSN 1131-6993.

38°56′57″N 06°03′53″W / 38.94917°N 6.06472°W / 38.94917; -6.06472