Salminus
Salminus Temporal range: Miocene to present
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Salminus hilarii | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Characiformes |
Family: | Bryconidae |
Subfamily: | Salmininae |
Genus: | Salminus Agassiz, 1829 |
Species | |
4, see text |
Salminus, popularly known as dorado or dourado, is a genus of relatively large (up to 1.3–1.4 m or 4.3–4.6 ft long[1][2]), predatory freshwater fish from the family Characidae. They are native to large tropical and subtropical rivers in South America, and undertake migrations during the rainy season to spawn.[3] They are very popular among recreational anglers and also support important commercial fisheries.[3]
Species
[edit]Significant taxonomic confusion has surrounded this genus, and until a review in 1990, several additional species were recognised (most of these are junior synonyms of S. brasiliensis).[4] Although known for more than 150 years, S. franciscanus was only scientifically described in 2007.[3] Today, five extant (living) species are recognised:[5]
- Salminus affinis Steindachner, 1880 – Santiago and Magdalena basins in Ecuador and Colombia
- Salminus brasiliensis (G. Cuvier, 1816) (dorado/golden dorado) – Paraguay, Uruguay, Chapare and Mamoré basins, and drainage of the Lagoa dos Patos
- Salminus franciscanus F. C. T. Lima & Britski, 2007 – São Francisco basin
- Salminus hilarii Valenciennes, 1850 – upper Paraná, Amazon and Orinoco basins
- Salminus santosi Lima, 2022 – Tocantins basin[6]
A sixth extinct species is only known from Miocene fossil remains:
- †Salminus noriegai – Argentina
References
[edit]- ^ Fishing World-records: Salminus brasiliensis. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
- ^ Fishing World-records: Salminus franciscanus. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
- ^ a b c Lima, F. C. T.; H. A. Britski (2007). "Salminus franciscanus, a new species from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae)". Neotrop. Ichthyol. 5 (3): 237–244. doi:10.1590/S1679-62252007000300001.
- ^ Géry, J.; L. Lauzanne (1990). "Les types des espèces du genre Salminus Agassiz, 1829 (Ostariophysi, Characidae) du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris". Cybium. 14 (2): 113–124.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Salminus". FishBase. October 2011 version.
- ^ Flávio C.T. Lima (28 December 2022). "Revision of the smaller-sized dorados (Salminus), with comments on the monophyly of the genus and its biogeography (Characiformes: Bryconidae)". Zootaxa. 5226 (1): 1–66. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5226.1.1. PMID 37044496.