Reinhold Schraps
Reinhold Schraps | |
|---|---|
| Member of the Reichstag of the North German Confederation
for Zwickau (Saxony 18) | |
| In office 12 February 1867 – 3 March 1871 | |
| Member of the Reichstag of the German Empire
for Zwickau (Saxony 18) | |
| In office 3 March 1871 – 10 January 1874 | |
| Succeeded by | Julius Motteler |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Heinrich Reinhold Schraps 3 August 1833 Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony |
| Died | 14 March 1917 Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire |
| Political party | Saxon People's Party (1966-1969)
German People's Party |
Heinrich Reinhold Schraps (3 August 1833 – 14 March 1917) was a German lawyer and politician. He and August Bebel were the first two representatives of the Saxon People's Party, a predecessor party of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, elected to the Reichstag.
Biography
[edit]Schraps was born in Leipzig, as the son of Johan Christian Schraps, a musician. He attended the Nikolaischule Gymnasium in Leipzig, and went on to study there from 1852 to 1856, at first philology and later jurisprudence. He practiced as a lawyer in Dresden from 1865, then in Crimmitschau from 1870, and again in Dresden from 1904.[1]
He was an editor of a magazine called Reform, from 1865 until its ban in 1866.[1] Schraps joined the Saxon People's Party in 1866, the same year it was founded. During election campaign before the February 1867 North German federal election, he advocated for cooperation with the German Progress Party in the talks with the General German Workers' Association, a proposition which was not received well and soured the relations between the two parties.[2] His party fielded three candidates in the election: Wilhelm Liebknecht; August Bebel; and Schraps himself, of whom the latter two would get elected, with Schraps becoming the representative of Zwickau to the constituent Reichstag of the North German Confederation. The two socialists took seats on the extreme left of the parliament, with Bebel remarking that "to go any further would simply mean running their heads against the wall".[3] The two voted against the North German Constitution, as it lacked in the recoginiton of basic laws, did not allow for direct taxes, and provided no ministerial accountability, instead enabling the Machtpolitik of Otto von Bismarck.[4]
In the lead-up to the August 1867 North German federal election, the Saxon People's Party decided to once again field the three candidates from the previous election, this time joined by Ferdinand Goetz.[5] They would win three mandates, with Schraps and Bebel winning re-election in their districts, and Liebknecht achieving his first electoral success.[6]
The Saxon People's Party was dissolved in 1869, with its left-wing absorbed into the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany, yet another predecessor party to the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Schraps, however, did not participate in the switch to the new party,[7] but was nonetheless fielded by them in the 1871 German federal election. Due to harsh anti-socialist campaigns by the Prussian and Saxon authorities, and their anti-war stance towards the ongoing conflict with France, only two of eighteen fielded candidates have won a mandate in the newly formed Reichstag of the German Empire (despite their number of votes increasing), with the two being, once again, Schraps and Bebel.[8] The two Social Democrats voted against war credits, but Schraps' allegiance soon shifted towards the German People's Party, leaving Bebel the only socialist in the Reichstag.[9] Schraps did not participate in the 1874 German federal election. He died in Dresden in 1917.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Schröder, Wilhelm Heinz (1995). Sozialdemokratische Parlamentarier in den deutschen Reichs- und Landtagen 1867-1933: Biographien, Chronik, Wahldokumentation ein Handbuch. Handbücher zur Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien (in German). Düsseldorf: Droste. p. 734. ISBN 978-3-7700-5192-2.
- ^ Retallack, James N. (2017). Red Saxony: election Battles and the Spectre of Democracy in Germany, 1860-1918 (1st ed.). p. 52. ISBN 978-0-19-966878-6.
- ^ Bebel, August (1911). Aus meinem Leben (3rd ed.). Berlin-GDR (published 1961).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Chronik der deutschen Sozialdemokratie. - Band 1. - Stichtag: 16. April 1867". library.fes.de. Retrieved 2025-04-08.
- ^ Retallack, James N. (2017). Red Saxony: election Battles and the Spectre of Democracy in Germany, 1860-1918 (1st ed.). p. 63. ISBN 978-0-19-966878-6.
- ^ Phillips, A. (1883). Die Reichstagswahlen von 1867 bis 1883. Statistik der Wahlen zum Konstituierenden und Norddeutschen Reichstage, zum Zollparlament, sowie zu den fünf ersten Legislatur-Perioden des Deutschen Reichstages [de]. Berlin: Verlag Louis Gerschel. p. 143.
- ^ Schwecht, Fritz; Schwabe, Paul (1904). Reichstagswahlen von 1867 bis 1903. Eine Statistik der Reichstagswahlen nebst den Programmen der Parteien und einem Verzeichnis der gewählten Abgeordneten (in German). Berlin: Verlag Carl Heymann. p. 230.
- ^ Retallack, James N. (2017). Red Saxony: election Battles and the Spectre of Democracy in Germany, 1860-1918 (1st ed.). pp. 97–101. ISBN 978-0-19-966878-6.
- ^ Retallack, James N. (2017). Red Saxony: election Battles and the Spectre of Democracy in Germany, 1860-1918 (1st ed.). p. 102. ISBN 978-0-19-966878-6.
- ^ Stadtarchiv Dresden, Standesamt Dresden V, Sterberegister 1917, Nr. 542
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