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In rail transport, a train is a vehicle or (more frequently) a string of vehicles capable of being moved along a continuous line of rails or other guideway for the purpose of conveying freight or passengers between points on a predetermined route. The train may be hauled or propelled by one or more vehicles designed exclusively for that purpose (locomotives) or may be driven by a number of motors incorporated in all or several of the vehicles (multiple units).

As of 2018^[update], there are approximately 1,052,000 kilometres (654,000 mi) of railway track in use worldwide. (World Bank (via Archive.org))

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Selected article of the week

Rail transport in Puerto Rico currently consists of a 10.7 mile (17.2 km) passenger metro system in the island’s metropolitan area of San Juan and a small cargo system in the southern city of Ponce. Its history can be traced back to the mid-19th century with the construction of a limited passenger line in Mayagüez. Between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Puerto Rico's rail transport system expanded significantly, becoming one of the largest rail systems in the Caribbean at the time thanks to an economic boom in agriculture industries, especially the sugar cane industry. The rail system was expanded to include passenger travel with a direct line from the island's northern capital of San Juan to the western and southern cities and towns, greatly improving travel and communication within the island. However, the entire system was soon overshadowed by the arrival of the automobile, and by the 1950s was completely abandoned. Small remnants of this system still exist in some parts of Puerto Rico, some preserved for tourism purposes.

Recently selected: SR Class V - Philippine National Railways - Bay Area Rapid Transit

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A passenger train crosses a bridge of the Staatsspoorwegen at Tjisomang, Preanger Regency, West Java, in September 1948. The three pillars with heights of 52, 64 and 78 meters (171, 210 and 256 ft) were built in 1931.

Recently selected: Erzbergbahn museum railway train - Garratt locomotive - Yerevan children's railway tunnel

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Did you know...

...that the opening ceremonies of the Galway to Clifden railway were very sparsely attended because the event date was a strict church holiday and was reserved for attending church services?
...that following heavy damage to the Galveston Island Trolley track and cars from Hurricane Ike in 2008, substitute service with replica buses was operated until service resumed in October 2021?
...that although the former Santa Fe Railway's Galesburg station was demolished after regular passenger service to the station ended in 1996, the site is still used if derailments cause trains to use the Chillicothe Subdivision instead of the Mendota Subdivision?
...that the Fuzhou–Xiamen railway, which opened in 2010, was so heavily used that it reached capacity in 2015, spurring construction on the parallel Fuzhou–Xiamen high-speed railway for CRH passenger train services?

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Selected anniversaries

April 14

1834 – The Long Island Rail Road is incorporated in New York.
1881 – The Oregon Short Line Railroad is established to build a rail connection between Granger, Wyoming, and Huntington, Oregon.
1929 – The Hanshin Amagasaki Kaigan Line connecting Higashihama station with Deyashiki, in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, is opened.
2005 – Nineteen cars of a southbound Union Pacific train operating on Canadian National Railway tracks south of Superior, Wisconsin, derail and cause a forest fire near Solon Springs, Wisconsin.

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Train News

Santa Fe No. 2926 at Albuquerque, New Mexico
July 24, 2021 – Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe No. 2926, a 4-8-4 steam locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1944, moves under its own power for the first time since Christmas Eve of 1953, after nearly twenty-two years of being rebuilt by volunteers. The locomotive will be put into mainline excursion service. (NMSL&RHS, Trains Magazine on Facebook)
Big Boy No. 4012 at Steamtown National Historic Site
May 5, 2021 – Steamtown National Historic Site completes thorough cosmetic overhaul on Union Pacific 4-8-8-4 Big Boy No. 4012, which is moved back on static display before National Train Day. (NEPA Scene)
The derailed Taroko Express trainset, as seen from outside the entrance to the tunnel
April 2, 2021 – 2021 Hualien train derailment – A Taroko Express train operated by the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) derails at the north entrance of Qingshui Tunnel in Heren Section, Xiulin Township, Hualien County, Taiwan, killing 49 people and injuring at least 200 others. North of Hualien City a construction truck had fallen down a slope onto the tracks. The eight-carriage train derailed after colliding with the truck, and then came to a rest in the tunnel, with severe damage and many casualties. (Bloomberg, CNN, CNA, New York Times, Financial Times)

The preserved C&O 1309 at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum in October 2009

December 31, 2020 – Following a complete restoration, Chesapeake and Ohio 1309, a 2-6-6-2 Mallet locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1949, the last steam locomotive built by Baldwin for the North American market, is operated under its own power for test runs. When returned to service on the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad, it will be the largest steam locomotive in regular scheduled service in the United States and take 2-8-0 No. 734’s place as the largest active steam locomotive in the state of Maryland. (Trains.com Newswire)

An Avelia Liberty train on a test run in Delaware in May 2020

September 28, 2020 – Amtrak operates a test run using one of the 28 new Avelia Liberty trains manufactured by Alstom along the full length of the Northeast Corridor to Boston South Station. Previous test runs had occurred from Washington, D.C., only as far north as New Jersey and Delaware. Barring any problems, the trains are expected to enter regular service on the route in 2021. (Universal Hub)

Berryessa/North San José station on the first day of service

June 13, 2020 – The Bay Area Rapid Transit Silicon Valley BART extension opened its stations in Milpitas and North San Jose. (San Jose Spotlight, SF Gate)

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General images

The following are images from various train-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Arrival of the Normandy Train, Gare Saint-Lazare, by Claude Monet, 1877, Art Institute of Chicago (from Train)
Image 2A coach yard in Shanghai, China (from Rail yard)
Image 3A prototype of a Ganz AC electric locomotive in Valtellina, Italy, 1901 (from Locomotive)
Image 4British Rail Mark 3 coach, an all-steel car from the 1970s (from Railroad car)
Image 5A gas turbine locomotive operated by the Union Pacific Railroad (from Train)
Image 6A wooden toy train set from Swedish manufacturer Brio (from Train)
Image 7Southern Railway (UK) 20002 was equipped with both a pantograph and contact shoes. (from Locomotive)
Image 8Most derailments, such as this one in Switzerland, are minor and do not cause injuries or damage. (from Train)
Image 9Soviet RT-23 Molodets ICBM launch train, in the St Petersburg museum (from Railroad car)
Image 10The New Orleans Streetcar System is the oldest in the world. (from Train)
Image 11A large Amtrak and Metra coach yard just south of Chicago Union Station. About 25 percent of all rail traffic in the United States travels through the Chicago area. (from Rail yard)
Image 12A Victorian Railways R class steam locomotive in Australia (from Locomotive)
Image 13Workington stabling point in 1981, with locomotives from Classes 25, 40 and 47 parked between duties. (from Rail yard)
Image 14Inside a modern-day car from Finland (from Railroad car)
Image 15Yard for Amtrak equipment, located next to the Los Angeles River. The two tracks on the left are the mainline. (from Rail yard)
Image 16Restored clerestory cars on display at the Mid-Continent Railway Museum in North Freedom, Wisconsin (from Railroad car)
Image 17Stockton and Darlington special inaugural train 1825: six wagons of coal, directors coach, then people in wagons. (from Train)
Image 18The Union Pacific Big Boy locomotives represented the pinnacle of steam locomotive technology and power. (from Train)
Image 19A British Rail Class 150 in the United Kingdom (from Railroad car)
Image 20The EMD FT set the stage for diesel locomotives to take over from steam. (from Train)
Image 21US-style railroad truck (bogie) with journal bearings (from Train)
Image 22A Tokyo Monorail train (from Train)
Image 23A narrow gauge train in Austria (from Train)
Image 24Typical American extended vision caboose (from Railroad car)
Image 25A number of maintenance vehicles at work on Metro-North Railroad (from Train)
Image 26The ESS 200 electric locomotive was introduced in 1925 in the Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia. (from Locomotive)
Image 27A Union Pacific freight train; high clearances enable double-stacked containers to be carried in well cars. (from Train)
Image 28A China Railways HXD1D electric locomotive in China (from Locomotive)
Image 29The 1887 Daimler draisine (from Locomotive)
Image 30An interior of a Circle line S7 Stock in London (from Railroad car)
Image 31Electric train on Djursholmsbanan in Stockholm in the 1890s. (from Train)
Image 32China operates an extensive high speed rail network. (from Train)
Image 33Garratt locomotives in Zimbabwe (from Train)
Image 34Second-class compartment of a China Railways CRH1A-A train (from Train)
Image 35A freight car (boxcar type) for the South Australian Railways, 1926 (from Railroad car)
Image 36Baltimore & Ohio electric engine, 1895 (from Locomotive)
Image 37A Metropolitan line S8 Stock at Amersham in London (from Railroad car)
Image 38Trains carrying hazardous materials display information identifying their cargo and hazards. This tank car carrying chlorine displays, among other markings, a U.S. DOT placard showing a UN number that identifies the hazardous substance. (from Train)
Image 39This cab car includes a horn (top), a bell (top right), headlights (above the door), classification lights (red lights on side), and ditch lights (white lights on side). (from Train)
Image 40The "hump" of a hump yard. Railcars travel past retarders, which control their speed, and are directed onto tracks to be assembled into new trains. The control tower operates the retarders. (from Rail yard)
Image 41Various types of railroad cars in a classification yard in the United States (from Train)
Image 42The first useful diesel locomotive (a diesel–electric) for long distances, the SŽD Eel2, 1924 in Kyiv (from Locomotive)
Image 43A London Underground battery–electric locomotive used for hauling engineers' trains, at West Ham station (from Locomotive)
Image 44Bombardier ALP-45DP, at the Innotrans convention in Berlin (from Locomotive)
Image 45Schedule of train departure times in Indonesia stations (from Train)
Image 46A narrow-gauge battery–electric locomotive used for mining (from Locomotive)
Image 47RegioCitadis light rail train in Zoetermeer (the Netherlands). (from Train)
Image 48Armored train Hurban located in Zvolen, Slovakia (from Railroad car)
Image 49The Japanese 0 Series Shinkansen pioneered high speed rail service. (from Train)
Image 50This map of Cedar Hill Yard in Connecticut shows a variety of different facilities, including receiving yards, departure yards, classification yards, and a repair yard. (from Rail yard)
Image 51A preserved armored train (from Train)
Image 52Werner von Siemens experimental DC electric train, 1879 (from Locomotive)