Papilio maraho
| Papilio maraho | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Papilionidae |
| Genus: | Papilio |
| Species: | P. maraho
|
| Binomial name | |
| Papilio maraho (Shiraki & Sonan, 1934) [2]
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Papilio maraho is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Taiwan and has the highest profile due to its rarity and listing as a vulnerable species in the IUCN Red Data Book.[3] Morphologically, it is very similar to Papilio elwesi. Both of species are in Agehana (a species group, often treated as a genus or a subgenus, within Papilio sensu lato). Based on the phylogenetic research, “Agehana” fell within the American Papilio subgenus Pterourus.[4]
The forewing is about 6 cm long. The female is a little larger than the male. The reverse and obverse are identical. The forewings are dark grey with black veins. The hindwings are elongated and terminated by broad tails. They are dark grey with black veins, a large white macule and a series of submarginal pinkish-red macules marked with a black dot. The body is black.The first four larval instars look like bird droppings. The mature caterpillar mimics a snake's head. It is green with dark brown markings on the flanks, and an enlarged thoracic part that bears large black ocelli surrounded by brown on each side.
Papilio maraho feeds exclusively on Sassafras randaiense, a plant that's considered vulnerable by the IUCN. The host plant is only found in a few sunny spots in forest gaps at medium elevations in Taiwan's Central Mountain Range.[5]
Sources
[edit]- ^ Gimenez Dixon, M. (1996). "Papilio maraho". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T15998A5347143. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T15998A5347143.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Tokuichi Shiraki et Jinhaku Sonan, [On a new species of Papilionidae, Papilio maraho Shiraki et Sonan], Zephyrus, Tokyo, vol. 5, no 4, 25 septembre 1934, p. 177-182.
- ^ Collins, NM; Morris, MG (1985). Threatened swallowtail butterflies of the world: the IUCN Red Data Book: IUCN.
- ^ Wu, Li-Wei; Yen, Shen-Horn; Lees, David C.; Lu, Chih-Chien; Yang, Ping-Shih; Hsu, Yu-Feng (2015-10-20). "Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of Asian Pterourus Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae): A Case of Intercontinental Dispersal from North America to East Asia". PLOS ONE. 10 (10): e0140933. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140933. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4617649. PMID 26484776.
- ^ IUCN (1998-01-01). Sassafras randaiense: Lu, S.Y. & Pan, F.J.: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T31248A9619639 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.1998.rlts.t31248a9619639.en.
See also
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