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Net and wall games

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Net and wall games are court games where either a net separates the opponents or a wall serves to reflect the ball to the opponent. The object of these games is to hit or throw the ball or bird over the net or against the wall back to the opponent. Play typically begins with one side serving the ball/bird by initially tossing or releasing it and then hitting/throwing it over the net or to the wall. This then starts a rally, in which the sides alternate hitting/throwing the ball/bird. Players then score points whenever the opponent fails to return the ball/bird back. The criteria on what is considered a valid return varies between each sport (such as the number of times the ball may be touched or bounced on a player's side before it must go back).[1]

Sports like Real tennis, Padel and Wallyball use both net and walls.

Some sports like Four square, Ballon au poing, Tamburello and Roundnet has the same logic of wall games using the floor or trampoline in the rebounding function.

The Los Angeles Daily Times reports: "Net sports are unique in that the equipment is light, portable and affordable, and partners and opponents are easy to find. The sports are easy to learn, and the social aspect of the game[s] appeals to those who find the health club to be an isolationist palace of mirrors."[2]

Net and wall games usually include:[2][3][4]

The three most popular net and wall games (tennis, badminton, and volleyball) usually involve arching of the back when serving or spiking/smashing the ball or bird.[4]

Although basketball, hockey, water polo, Football and other sports have netting around the goal area designed to more clearly indicate when goals are scored, they are not considered "net games", since the net is not used to separate the teams involved. Similarly, lacrosse sticks have a loose netting that is used to catch and fling the ball, but again lacrosse is not considered a "net game".

Comparison

[edit]
Sport Volleyball Sepak takraw Fistball Throwball Tennis Badminton Squash One wall International Valencian pilota Basque pelota Padbol Padel
Indoor Snow Beach Lawn Beach Llargues Frontó Frontball Frontenis Jai alai Xare
Image
Country of origin United States Austria United States Southeast Asia Italy India England Italy England England Spain Spain Argentina Mexico
Governing Body FIVB[5][6][7] ISTAF[8] IFA[9] International Throwball Federation[10] ITF[11][12] BWF[13] World Squash[14][15] CIJB[16][17][18][19] FIPV[20][21] International Federation of Padbol Associates[22] FIP[23]
Number of players[24] 6 3 2 3 5 7
  • Singles: 1
  • Doubles: 2
  • Singles: 1
  • Doubles: 2
  • Singles: 1
  • Doubles: 2
  • Singles: 1
  • Doubles: 2
  • Men: 5
  • Women: 4
 5 2 1
  • Singles: 1
  • Doubles: 2
 2 2 2
Type of ball Inflatable Hollow woven Inflatable Inflatable Filled with air, non inflatable Shuttle Filled with air, non inflatable Filled with air, non inflatable Solid Filled with air, non inflatable Solid Inflatable Filled with air, non inflatable
with what it is allowed to play Body Any part Except upper limbs Upper limbs Hand - - - Hand
  • Upper limbs for returning
  • Any part for blocking
 Upper limbs Hand - Except upper limbs -
Equipment - - - - Racquet Racquet Racquet - - Racquet Xistera Xare - Racquet
Allowed form for returning the ball Hitting Hitting Hitting Throwing Hitting Hitting Hitting Hitting Hitting Throwing Hitting Hitting
What divides turns Net Net Elevated rope Net Net Net Wall Wall Line on floor
  • Line on floor
  • Imaginary movable line on floor (rattles)
 Wall Wall Net and wall Net and wall
Allowed service form Overarm, underarm Volley kick Overarm, underarm Overarm Overarm, underarm Racquet pointing downward On flight Kick after bounce Underarm
Number of touches before return Up to three (excluding touch by failing block), not successively by the same player Up to three, not successively by the same player Up to three (maximum of 2 successive by same player) Up to three, by different players 1 1 1 1 1 1 Minimum 2, maximum 3 (not successively by the same player) 1
Maximum number of bounces allowed before return None None Up to 1 before each player touch None 1 None None 1 on floor 1 on floor
  • None after rest line
  • 1 if bounces between fault and rest lines
  • Unlimited if first bounce is before fault line
 1 on floor 1 on floor 1 on floor 1 on floor (no volley allowed)
Scoring Points, sets Points, sets Points, sets Points, sets Points, games, sets Points, games Points, games Points, sets Points, games Points Points, games Points, games, sets Points, games, sets

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Best Pickleball Paddles". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. ^ a b Los Angeles Daily News (October 20, 1995). "More people rushing the nets: Badminton, volleyball, tennis offer muscle-building workouts". The Spokesman-Review. p. C6. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  3. ^ Mohnsen, Bonnie S. (2008). "Unit 4: Team Net Sports". Teaching middle school physical education: a standards-based approach for grades 5-8. Human Kinetics. p. 495. ISBN 9780736068499. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  4. ^ a b Hall, Hamilton (1994). The New Back Doctor. Random House of Canada. p. 229. ISBN 9780770426194. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  5. ^ "OFFICIAL VOLLEYBALL RULES, 2025-2028" (PDF).
  6. ^ "OFFICIAL BEACH VOLLEYBALL RULES, 2025-2028" (PDF).
  7. ^ "OFFICIAL SNOW VOLLEYBALL RULES, 2021-2024" (PDF).
  8. ^ "ISTAF Law 0f The Game, 2024" (PDF).
  9. ^ "Fistball - Rules of the Game" (PDF).
  10. ^ INTERNATIONAL THROWBALL FEDERATION (2025-05-11). How to Play Throwball Throwball Rules and playing methods. Retrieved 2025-07-11 – via YouTube.
  11. ^ "ITF RULES OF TENNIS" (PDF).
  12. ^ "RULES OF BEACH TENNIS, 2025" (PDF).
  13. ^ "BWF Statutes, Section 4.1: LAWS OF BADMINTON" (PDF).
  14. ^ "WORLD SQUASH SINGLES RULES, 2025" (PDF).
  15. ^ "WORLD SQUASH DOUBLES RULES, 2022" (PDF).
  16. ^ "WALLBALL RULES" (PDF).
  17. ^ "INTERNATIONAL GAME RULES" (PDF).
  18. ^ "RULES OF LLARGUES" (PDF).
  19. ^ "VALENCIAN FRONT RULES OF THE GAME" (PDF).
  20. ^ "SPORTING REGULATIONS OF THE MODALITY OF FRONTBALL FIPV" (PDF).
  21. ^ "REGLAMENTO GENERAL DE JUEGO DE LA PELOTA VASCA (Enero 2023)" (PDF).
  22. ^ "Padbol Rules full". Padbol. Retrieved 2025-07-11.
  23. ^ "REGULATIONS OF THE PADEL GAME, FEDERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL PÁDEL F.I.P." (PDF).
  24. ^ The minimum (or typical, if there is one) number of players per team on the field is shown.
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