Jump to content

March 2025 Venezuelan deportations

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

On March 15, 2025, US President Donald Trump announced that the Venezuelan criminal gang Tren de Aragua was conducting "irregular warfare" against the United States and that members in the United States would be deported under the Alien Enemies Act of 1798. The Trump administration quickly began the process of deporting Venezuelans allegedly affiliated with this gang on flights to El Salvador, where they would be detained at the Terrorism Confinement Center (CECOT).

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and Democracy Forward sued the government to stop the deportations, and the judge issued a temporary restraining order in favor of the plaintiffs. Despite this order, over 200 Venezuelans were flown to El Salvador. On March 24, James Boasberg, Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia ruled that the government cannot deport anyone under the Enemy Aliens Act without a hearing.[1][2]

Background

[edit]
Further information: Deportation in the second presidency of Donald Trump and Tren de Aragua

During his 2024 presidential campaign Trump blurred the distinction between legal and illegal immigrants, and has promised to deport both, and had also not ruled out separating families with mixed citizenship status.[3][4] On the campaign trail in December 2023, President Donald Trump said immigrants coming to the U.S. are “poisoning the blood of our country,” a remark that quickly drew a rebuke from his chief Democratic rival as President Joe Biden’s campaign likened the words to those of Adolf Hitler, and at a rally in September 2024 that the deportation effort "will be a bloody story."[5] Individuals would be placed in massive camps constructed with funds redirected from the military budget in case of any refusal by Congress to appropriate funding, while ICE raids would be expanded to include workplace raids and sweeps in public places. Following arrest, Stephen Miller has stated that illegal immigrants would be taken to "large-scale staging grounds near the border, most likely in Texas", to be held in internment camps prior to deportation. He has also spoken of rounding up homeless people in blue cities and detaining them in camps.[6][7]

On January 22, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced the administration was rolling back an Obama-era directive that had protected illegal immigrants in sensitive areas such as hospitals, places of worship, courtrooms, funerals, weddings and schools. A spokesperson stated that the Trump administration was not looking to tie the hands of law enforcement.[8][9] ICE officials said in early March 2025 that 32,809 arrests were made between January 20 and March 10, 2025.[10]

Tren de Aragua is a transnational narcoterrorist and criminal organization from Venezuela. The gang has expanded throughout Latin America and the United States due to the Venezuelan refugee crisis, with the growth of the gang following the migration of Venezuelans to host nations.[11][12] Tren de Aragua resembles other criminal organizations in South America, such as the Medellin Cartel or Cali Cartel, which do not use tattoos to signify membership, thus preventing easy identification.[11]

Initial timeline

[edit]

On Friday, March 14, 2025, Trump signed presidential proclamation 10903, invoking the Alien Enemies Act[13][14] and asserting that Tren de Aragua, a criminal organization from Venezuela, had invaded the United States.[15] The White House did not announce at the time that the proclamation has been signed.

Very early on Saturday, March 15, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and Democracy Forward filed a class action suit in the District Court for the District of Columbia on behalf of five Venezuelan men held in immigration detention.[16] The ACLU stated later that morning that it filed the suit, J.G.G. v. Trump, in anticipation that Trump would be invoking the act,[17] as news media had previously reported that Trump was expected to do so.[18] The suit was assigned to judge James Boasberg.[16] That morning, noting the exigent circumstances, he approved a temporary restraining order for the five plaintiffs, and he ordered a 5 p.m. hearing to determine whether he would certify the class in the class action.[19]

In the mid-afternoon, detainees were taken from El Valle detention center in Raymondville, Texas, to buses.[16] Subsequently, the White House announced that Trump had invoked the Alien Enemies Act, posting a copy of the proclamation to its website.[20]

At 5 p.m., Boasberg began the court hearing to determine whether to certify the class and grant a temporary restraining order for the class.[19] Boasberg asked deputy assistant attorney general Drew Ensign if the Trump administration was planning to carry out deportations using the Alien Enemies Act in the next 48 hours. Ensign replied that he did not know and requested time to find out.[19] Boasberg gave Ensign around 40 minutes to find out, pausing the hearing at 5:22 p.m.[19] Meanwhile, at Harlingen, Texas, two planes with Venezuelan deportees took off, one at 5:26 p.m. and the other at 5:44 p.m.[13] Boasberg resumed the hearing around 5:55 p.m., with Ensign saying that he still had no specific information about the Trump administration's plans.[19]

At 7:36 p.m., ten minutes after Boasberg's written order was published, a third deportation flight departed from Harlingen.[13] An Immigration and Customs Enforcement official later told the court that none of the deportees on this third flight were deported under the Alien Enemies Act.[13]

Later that evening, each of the three planes landed at Soto Cano air base in Comayagua, Honduras, and after a period of time, each left Honduras, landing in San Salvador, El Salvador, in the early hours of the morning of March 16.[13] Taken together, the three flights took over 260 migrants to El Salvador, where they were taken into custody at the Terrorism Confinement Center (CECOT).[19] Bukele tweeted that 238 of the alleged gang members are associated with Tren de Aragua and 23 with MS-13.[21] According to Time Magazine, on intake the prisoners were physically bludgeoned and had their heads forcibly shaved, with one sobbing and protesting that "I'm not a gang member. I'm gay; I'm a barber".[22] A propaganda video shared by Bukele on X shows the men being dragged and having their heads shaved.[23] Juanita Goebertus Estrada, the director of the Americas division of Human Rights Watch described such videos as designed to "humiliate and try to dehumanize the people who are detained there".[24]

The next day, president of El Salvador, Nayib Bukele, responded to the judge's ruling with "Oopsie…too late" and a crying-with-laughter emoji in a post on X.[25] Some Trump administration officials joined in on what Salon described as "mocking" the judge's order. Secretary of State Marco Rubio reposted Bukele's message,[26] as did White House communications director Steven Cheung, who added a clip of smiling actor Denzel Washington saying "Boom!"[27]

[edit]

J.G.G. v Donald J. Trump

[edit]
Main article: J.G.G. v. Trump
J.G.G. v. TRUMP
CourtUnited States District Court for the District of Columbia
StartedMarch 15, 2025 (2025-03-15)
Docket nos.1:25-cv-00766
Court membership
Judge sittingJames Emanuel Boasberg

J.G.G. v. Donald J. Trump is a class action and Habeas corpus lawsuit by 5 Venezuelan men that were in immigration custody threatened with imminent removal under the expected Proclamation of U.S. President Donald J. Trump invoking the Alien Enemies Act.[28]

Neither the US nor Salvadoran governments offered any details or evidence to support their claims that those deported had been charged with crimes or had connections to any gangs.[29] A source in the state department, who "requested anonymity, fearing retribution", said that the detainees may never go to trial and could die in prison.[30]

Axios reported one Trump administration official acknowledging that the Trump administration had carried out the deportations "after a discussion about how far the judge's ruling can go under the circumstances and over international waters and, on advice of counsel", while a second Trump administration official commented: "They were already outside of US airspace. We believe the order [by the judge] is not applicable".[31] Later, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt stated that Boasberg's order "had no lawful basis" and was given after the accused "had already been removed from U.S. territory", while further stating: "A single judge in a single city cannot direct the movements of an aircraft carrier".[31]

In a March 21 hearing, Judge Boasberg described using the Enemy Aliens Act this way as being "incredibly troublesome and problematic",[32] adding that it appeared the proclamation had been "signed in the dark" of night because the administration anticipated that it was problematic.[33] In the court, ACLU lawyers argued that foreign nationals are entitled to due process under the U.S. Constitution.[32] The judge also expressed frustration with the government's lack of cooperation and stated "I will get to the bottom of whether they violated my order and who ordered this.”[34]

On March 24, Judge Boasberg denied the Trump administration's request to lift the blocking the Trump administration from deporting Venezuelan migrants with the invocation of the wartime powers. He ruled that those who have been deported under the Alien Enemies Act must be allowed to challenge their removal. [1] [2]

Alleged torture at CECOT

[edit]

Human rights organizations have claimed that CECOT inmates suffer various kinds of abuse, sometimes including torture.[35] Princeton University law professor Rebecca Ingber and Scott Roehm, director of global policy and advocacy at the Center for Victims of Torture, write that because of the potential for torture, it may have been illegal to send the deportees there under US law.[36] Denying the government's motion to vacate his restraining order on March 23, Judge Boasberg cited the UN Convention against Torture and US law implementing it as an "obstacle" to deporting migrants for incarceration at CECOT due to the "likelihood of potential torture" there.[37][38]

Criminalization of asylum

[edit]

Human rights organizations have raised concerns about the misuse of visual or cultural stereotypes as justification for deportations, often carried out before scheduled court hearings or pending legal decisions. This practice has been criticized for undermining the principles of international law and fundamental rights to legal defense and asylum. One of the most notable of the purported cases is that of Jerce Reyes Barrios,[39] a 36-year-old Venezuelan footballer who was deported to El Salvador by the Trump administration due to his alleged association with the Tren de Aragua. Reyes Barrios had legally entered the United States in 2024 and applied for asylum after allegedly fleeing torture in Venezuela.[40][41] He was scheduled to appear in court in April but was removed from the country without prior notice.[40]

Alleged use of ordinary tattoos as evidence

[edit]

The United States government has labeled migrants sent to Guantánamo as members of the Tren de Aragua, primarily based on tattoos believed to be associated with the gang, such as crowns, flowers, phrases like "real hasta la muerte," a crown on a soccer ball, an eyeball that "looked cool" and the silhouette of Michael Jordan.[42] However, defense attorneys argue that the arrests have been made without concrete evidence, and former Venezuelan officials deny that the gang used any specific tattoo symbolism.[42][43]

Linette Tobin, lawyer for the detained Jerce Reyes Barrios stated that there is no evidence linking him to the criminal organization, that the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) only basis for such a link consisted of a tattoo resembling Real Madrid symbols and a photograph in which he made a sign language gesture, and that his whereabouts have remained unknown since his deportation on March 15.[40][42]

Deportees

[edit]

Lawyers for the accused claim that their clients are not gang members and were deported for everyday tattoos including a crown over a soccer ball and flowers.[44][45] In a court filing, the administration stated that "many" of those who had been deported do not have criminal records in the US.[46]

Some of the deported signed voluntary deportation agreements thinking they would be deported to Venezuela and could in theory later reapply to return to the US, but were instead sent to a mega-prison in El Salvador, where they face brutal conditions, including "severe overcrowding" and "inadequate food."[47][48]

Jerce Reyes Barrios

[edit]

Jerce Reyes Barrios was a 35-year-old Venezuelan and former professional soccer player. He was among those deported to the maximum security prison in El Salvador. Barrios came to the US legally seeking asylum after he was arrested and tortured by the Maduro regime.[49]

According to a court filing by Barrios' lawyer, ICE evaluated Barrios as a gang member based on his Real Madrid tattoo and a hand gesture from social media.[50]

"E.M."

[edit]

A man Miami Herald identified as "E.M." and his girlfriend fled persecution to Colombia. They were granted refugee status in the U.S., but upon arrival in Houston on January 8 he was detained on suspicion of being a Tren de Aragua member over his tattoos of a crown, a soccer ball and a palm tree, while she opted to be deported to Colombia rather than face months of imprisonment. He was held until March 15, when he was deported to El Salvador and imprisoned in CECOT.[51]

The Miami Herald reports that having refugee status, he was a legal immigrant, and the screening process had established he had no criminal record in Venezuela or Colombia and had U.S. officials review his tattoos without issue. The newspaper noted that law enforcement in Texas has used tattoos as a way to identify suspected members of Tren de Aragua, while experts have said that unlike many gangs, TdA members don't have specific, identifiable tattoos.[51]

E.M.'s family were not informed he had been deported. Seeing his alien registration number disappear from the online immigration system, they tried fruitlessly to contact ICE for information until learning of his fate from the list of Venezuelans sent to El Salvador that was published by CBS News.[51]

The newspaper added that another man with refugee status had been deported to El Salvador, but his family had chosen to remain anonymous for his safety.[51]

Andres Guillermo Morales

[edit]

Morales is a dual Colombian-Venezuelan citizen. Reuters independently confirmed that he had a legal work permit in the United States as a part of his asylum application, and he worked for an air-conditioning and cement company. Reuters also confirmed that he has no criminal record in Colombia. His wife stated that none of his tattoos were connected to gang activity but instead depicted his parents' names, a clock, a star with music notes, and a Bible verse.

Morales signed a deportation order for Colombia and was told by Colombia's consulate in San Francisco that he would be deported to Bogota, Colombia. However, he was instead deported to the maximum security prison in El Salvador.[52]

Javier Garcia Casique

[edit]

Casique is a barber who, according to his mother, arrived in the US in December 2023 seeking asylum. She recognized him from photos of the people being deported, denied he's a gang member, and said his tattoos said "peace" and the names of family members.[53]

Andrys

[edit]

Andrys is a 23-year-old make up artist. According to his laywer, Andrys, who is gay, arrived in the U.S. seeking asylum, and his tattoos were what you "would see on anybody at a coffee shop". His family believed his was being deported to Venezuela but he was instead sent to CECOT.[54][55][56]

Jose Franco Caraballo Tiapa

[edit]

Caraballo is a barber who came to the US illegally[57] with his wife by not crossing the border at a prescribed point of entry.[58] Claiming asylum, they were released and ordered to check in regularly with ICE during the process of seeking asylum in the United States. Caraballo's first court appearance was scheduled to be before an immigration judge on March 19;[59] however, he was detained at a routine check-in on February 3. According to his lawyer, an ICE agent had noticed a tattoo of a clock on his arm, showing the time of his daughter's birth. WLRN writes that this is a popular style of tattoo in Venezuela, but one US authorities identify as a favorite of Tren de Aragua. WLRN goes on to note that according to court records it had reviewed, ICE agents, apparently solely on that basis, accused Caraballo of being a TdA member.[58] He was deported to the maximum security prison in El Salvador on March 15. His wife[59] and lawyer[58] were not informed why his name had vanished from ICE's online detainee locator. Caraballo does not have a criminal record in Venezuela.[59] According to his wife, while there he had taken part in marches against the Venezuelan government that were led by Venezuelan opposition leader María Corina Machado, and in 2019 was held in two days and beaten while in custody.[58]

Reactions

[edit]

The Venezuelan government, led by Nicolás Maduro, called the transfers a "kidnapping" and denied any links between the deportees and the gang.[60][43] Venezuelan Interior Minister Diosdado Cabello stated on a podcast that "not a single [deportee] appears on the organizational chart of the now-extinct Tren de Aragua organization".[61]

Some Japanese Americans have expressed concern about the Alien Enemies Act being used again as during the WWII internment many innocent people were detained and there was no oversight.[62]

The Brennan Center for Justice said in a statement that "The Alien Enemies Act may be used only during declared wars or armed attacks on the United States by foreign governments" and "The president has falsely proclaimed an invasion".[63]

Affected families

[edit]

Some family members of deportees were able to identify their loved ones through media released by El Salvador, but the US has not provided a list of names, evidence of crimes, or evidence of affiliation to Tren de Aragua to families or the media, with White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt stating that she was "not going to reveal operational details about a counterterrorism operation."[47] On March 20, CBS News published 238 names from an internal government document that it had obtained.[64] Parents have disputed gang affiliation claims made by the US and Salvadorean governments, asserting that their children did not have a criminal record, with one parent even providing an official Venezuelan document stating that her son has no criminal record. The families have said they have not heard from their loved ones since their deportation and subsequent detention.[47]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "'Nazis got better treatment,' judge says of Trump administration's Alien Enemies Act deportations". ABC News.
  2. ^ a b "Judge: US treated Nazis better than Venezuelan migrants who were deported". BBC News.
  3. ^ "Trump says he will make 'provisions' for mixed-status families but doesn't rule out separations with mass deportations". NBC News. August 22, 2024. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  4. ^ Phifer, Donica (October 3, 2024). "Trump floats deporting legal Haitian migrants living in Ohio". Axios. Archived from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2024.
  5. ^ Oliphant, James (October 4, 2024). "Trump's already harsh rhetoric on migrants is turning darker as Election Day nears". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2024.
  6. ^ Brownstein, Ronald (February 8, 2024). "Trump's 'Knock on the Door'". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on February 10, 2024. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
  7. ^ Graziosi, Graig (September 8, 2024). "Trump says his plan to expel millions of immigrants will be a 'bloody story'". The Independent. Archived from the original on September 15, 2024. Retrieved September 15, 2024.
  8. ^ Houghtaling, Ellie Quinlan (January 22, 2025). "Trump's Immigration Plans Are Already Wrecking the Food Industry". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  9. ^ Santana, Rebecca (January 21, 2025). "Trump administration throws out policies limiting migrant arrests at sensitive spots like churches". Associated Press. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  10. ^ https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/purposely-misleading-trump-officials-accuse-biden-admin-of-deceptively-inflating-ice-arrest-stats/ar-AA1ANdMY
  11. ^ a b "La megabanda delictiva el Tren de Aragua ya está en ciudades de EE.UU. como Chicago y Miami: qué se sabe y qué implica" [The Tren de Aragua mega-criminal gang is already in US cities such as Chicago and Miami: what is known and what it entails]. Telemundo (in Spanish). January 26, 2024. Retrieved March 7, 2024.
  12. ^ Chavez Yacila, Rosa; Castile, Oscar; Cardenas, Abel; Huaman, Gianfranco (August 11, 2023). "Tren de Aragua: expansión y evolución de una megafranquicia del crimen en América Latina" [Tren de Aragua: Expansion and evolution of a mega crime franchise in Latin America]. Ojo Público (in Spanish). Retrieved March 7, 2024.
  13. ^ a b c d e Broadwater, Luke; Sun, Albert; Correal, Annie (March 18, 2025). "A Judge Ordered Deportation Planes to Turn Around. The White House Didn't Listen". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 25, 2025. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  14. ^ "Invocation of the Alien Enemies Act Regarding the Invasion of the United States by Tren de Aragua". Federal Register. March 20, 2025. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  15. ^ Ramirez Uribe, Maria (March 19, 2025). "Is Tren de Aragua invading the US, as Trump says?". PolitiFact. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  16. ^ a b c Ward, Myah; Cheney, Kyle; Gerstein, Josh (March 15, 2025). "Federal judge halts deportations after Trump invokes Alien Enemies Act". Politico. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  17. ^ "ACLU and Democracy Forward Sue Trump Administration Over Expected Invocation of Alien Enemies Act". American Civil Liberties Union. March 15, 2025. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  18. ^ Alvarez, Priscilla; Hansler, Jennifer; Treene, Alayna (March 13, 2025). "Trump expected to invoke wartime authority to speed up mass deportation effort in coming days". CNN. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  19. ^ a b c d e f Kunzelman, Michael; Cano, Regina Garcia (March 18, 2025). "A timeline of the legal wrangling and deportation flights after Trump invoked the Alien Enemies Act". AP News. Associated Press. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  20. ^ Isacson, Adam (March 21, 2025). "Invocation of Alien Enemies Act raises due process, democracy, and foreign relations concerns". Washington Office on Latin America. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  21. ^ Garrett, Luke (March 16, 2025). "U.S. deports hundreds of Venezuelans to El Salvador, despite court order". NPR. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  22. ^ Holsinger, Philip (March 21, 2025). "What the Venezuelans Deported to El Salvador Experienced". TIME. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  23. ^ Ryan, Brad (March 22, 2025). "President vs judge: Deportations test Donald Trump's respect for law". ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) News. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  24. ^ Wagner, James; Kerr, Sarah (March 19, 2025). "Humiliation as Propaganda: Videos of Shackled Detainees Have History in El Salvador". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  25. ^ Zurcher, Antony; Epstein, Kayla (February 17, 2025). "'Oopsie, too late' - US courts tested by Trump's latest deportations". BBC. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  26. ^ Layne, Nathan; Queen, Jack; Coster, Helen (March 17, 2025). "Trump administration deports Venezuelans despite court order, says judge has no authority". Reuters. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  27. ^ Galbraith, Alex (March 16, 2025). ""Too late": White House mocks judge after Trump admin ignores order against deportations". Salon.com. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  28. ^ "Class Action Complaint and Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus" (PDF). CourtListener. March 15, 2025. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
  29. ^ Helmore, Edward; Phillips, Tom (March 16, 2025). "US deports 250 alleged gang members to El Salvador despite court ruling to halt flights". The Guardian. Retrieved March 16, 2025.
  30. ^ Martínez-Beltrán, Sergio (March 21, 2025). "Families of deported Venezuelans dispute gang claims after deportations under Alien Enemies Act". NPR. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  31. ^ a b Caputo, Mark (March 16, 2025). "Exclusive: How the White House ignored a judge's order to turn back deportation flights". Axios. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
  32. ^ a b Bustillo, Ximena; Garsd, Jasmine (March 21, 2025). "Judge Boasberg voices skepticism over use of Alien Enemies Act deportations". NPR. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  33. ^ Foster-Frau, Silvia; Jouvenal, Justin (March 21, 2025). "Judge calls Trump's use of Alien Enemies Act 'problematic and concerning'". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  34. ^ "Judge Scolds DOJ Lawyer Over Failure to Obey Deportation Order". Bloomberg.
  35. ^ Aleman, Marcos; Garcia Cano, Regina (March 16, 2025). "What to know about El Salvador's mega-prison after Trump sent hundreds of immigrants there". AP News. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  36. ^ Ingber, Rebecca; Roehm, Scott (March 20, 2025). "Non-Refoulement Obligations and the Alien Enemies Act Removals". Just Security. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  37. ^ Gerstein, Josh (March 23, 2025). "Judge reaffirms order blocking Trump from using wartime powers for deportations". Politico. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
  38. ^ "J.G.G. v. TRUMP Memorandum Opinion". www.courtlistener.com. Court Listener. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
  39. ^ Bennett, Brian (March 21, 2025). "What We Know About the Venezuelans Deported to El Salvador". TIME. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  40. ^ a b c Liy, Macarena Vidal (March 20, 2025). "Un tatuaje del escudo del Real Madrid: la 'prueba' del Gobierno de Trump para deportar a un venezolano de Estados Unidos a El Salvador". El País US (in Spanish). Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  41. ^ "Deportado dos EUA diz que 'tatuagem do Real Madrid' foi confundida com símbolo de gangue violenta". extra (in Brazilian Portuguese). March 21, 2025. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  42. ^ a b c Press, Associated (March 21, 2025). "Tatuajes ordinarios hicieron que venezolanos fueran identificados como pandilleros y deportados, según abogados". CNN (in Spanish). Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  43. ^ a b Clarembaux, Patricia (March 21, 2025). "EEUU confirma el envío a Guantánamo de más venezolanos presuntamente relacionados con el Tren de Aragua". Univision Noticias (in Spanish). Archived from the original on March 22, 2025.
  44. ^ Garcia, Armando. "Man deported to El Salvador under Alien Enemies Act because of soccer logo tattoo: Attorney". ABC News. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  45. ^ "Everyday tattoos got Venezuelan men ID'd as gang members and deported, lawyers say". AP News. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  46. ^ Charalambous, Laura , Katherine , and Alexander, Peter; Romero, Laura; Faulders, Katherine; Mallin, Alexander (March 21, 2025). "DOJ returning to court to defend deportation of Venezuelan migrants without due process". ABC News. Retrieved March 21, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  47. ^ a b c Martínez-Beltrán, Sergio (March 21, 2025). "Families of deported Venezuelans dispute gang claims after deportations under Alien Enemies Act". NPR. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  48. ^ Singh, Maanvi (March 20, 2025). "US deportees face brutal conditions in El Salvador mega-prison: 'Severe overcrowding, inadequate food'". The Guardian. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  49. ^ Bennett, Brian (March 20, 2025). "What We Know About the Venezuelan Men Deported to El Salvador by Trump". Time. Time magazine. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  50. ^ Hafiz, Rashid (March 20, 2025). "A Tattoo of a Soccer Ball Is Enough to Get You Deported to El Salvador". The New Republic. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  51. ^ a b c d Egui Brito, Verónica (March 21, 2025). "Despite refugee status in the U.S., young Venezuelan was deported to Salvadoran prison". Miami Herald. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  52. ^ Ramirez, Carlos (March 21, 2025). "Colombian-Venezuelan migrant held in El Salvador has no ties to feared gang, wife says". Reuters. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  53. ^ Sommerlad, Joe (March 18, 2025). "The Trump administration accused him of being a gang member and deported him. His family says it's all made up". The Independent. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  54. ^ Wiggins, Christopher (March 21, 2025). "Gay Venezuelan asylum-seeker 'disappeared' to Salvadoran mega-prison under Trump order, Maddow reveals". The Advocate. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
  55. ^ Vera, Kelby (March 23, 2025). "Gay Venezuelan Makeup Artist Among Hundreds Deported Without Due Process". Huffington Post.
  56. ^ Dorn, Sara. "What To Know About Andry: 31-Year-Old Makeup Artist Falsely Deported To El Salvador Prison, Lawyer Says". Forbes.
  57. ^ Goodman, Joshua; Salomon, Gisela (March 20, 2025). "Immigrants disappear from US detainee tracking system after deportation flights". Associated Press. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
  58. ^ a b c d Padgett, Tim (March 19, 2025). "Was a Venezuelan deported as a terrorist because of a tattoo celebrating his child?". WLRN. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
  59. ^ a b c Romero, Laura (March 18, 2025). "Families of migrants who believe their relatives were deported by ICE say they weren't gang members". ABC News. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
  60. ^ Colombiano, El (March 21, 2025). "Los tatuajes, una de las "pruebas" con las que Trump acusa a migrantes de ser miembros del Tren de Aragua". El Colombiano (in European Spanish). Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  61. ^ Sequera, Vivian (March 21, 2025). "Venezuela minister says no Tren de Aragua members among US deportees". Reuters. Retrieved March 23, 2025.
  62. ^ "'Very dangerous': Japanese Americans warn of Trump's use of Alien Enemies Act". Washington Post. Retrieved March 21, 2025.
  63. ^ "The Alien Enemies Act: What to know about a 1798 law that Trump has invoked for deportations". AP News.
  64. ^ Montoya-Galvez, Camilo; Hanflig, Annabelle (March 20, 2025). "Here are the names of the Venezuelans deported by the U.S. to El Salvador". CBS News. Retrieved March 24, 2025.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=March_2025_Venezuelan_deportations&oldid=1282207909"