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Lieutenant (Eastern Europe)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about a lieutenant rank used in Slavophone countries. For the standard see Lieutenant.
Countries which use the Eastern European variant

The rank of poruchik (Russian: поручик, Czech: poručík, Slovak: poručík) or poruchnik (Serbo-Croatian: поручник, poručnik, Polish: porucznik, Slovene: poročnik, Ukrainian: поручник, poručnyk), translated to lieutenant, is used in Slavophone armed forces, depending on the country being either the lowest or second lowest officer rank.

Etymology

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The rank designation poruchik might be derived from Russian: поpученец, lit. 'a person tasked by a special mission'; Russian: поручение, lit. 'assignment', 'commission' or Russian: поручить, lit. 'task to look after', 'charge with something'. Normally the poruchik received military orders in written form and was responsible to meet the particular goals and objectives anticipated.

Russia

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Lieutenant insignia used by the Imperial Russian Army.

The Imperial Russian Army introduced this rank first in middle of the 17th century, by the Strelets so-called New Order Regiments [clarification needed], reflected in the Table of Ranks. A poruchik was normally assigned to assistant commanding officer of a company, later platoon. In 1798 this particular rank designation was replaced by lieutenant beginning with the Russian Guards, followed by other military units, and legalised by the Table of Ranks.

Serbia

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See also: Military ranks of Serbia

The rank of poručnik was adopted by the Revolutionary Serbian Army at the end of the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13), alongside potporučnik and others.[1]

It was the third lowest commissioned officer rank in the Royal Serbian Army (1882–1918).[2]

It is today the second lowest commissioned officer rank in the Serbian Armed Forces.

Insignia

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Bodrožić 2022, p. 34.
  2. ^ Thomas, Nigel; Babac, Dusan (2001). Armies in the Balkans 1914–18. Men-at-Arms. Osprey Publishing. p. 39. ISBN 978-1841761947.
  3. ^ "OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH". os.mod.gov.ba (in Bosnian). Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  4. ^ "Oznake činova". osrh.hr (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Ranks". army.cz. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  6. ^ "УРЕДБА ЗА ОЗНАКИТЕ ЗА УНИФОРМИТЕ НА АРМИЈАТА НА РЕПУБЛИКА СЕВЕРНА МАКЕДОНИЈА" [Regulation on the Markings for the Uniforms of the Army of the Republic Northern of Macedonia]. dejure.mk (in Macedonian). 12 November 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  7. ^ "IV. Izgled Činova u Vojsci". Official Gazette of Montenegro (in Montenegrin). 50/10: 22–28. 16 August 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  8. ^ "Sposób noszenia odznak stopni wojskowych na umundurowaniu wojsk Lądowych i sił Powietrznych" (PDF). wojsko-polskie.pl (in Polish). Armed Forces Support Inspectorate. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  9. ^ "ЧИНОВИ У ВОЈСЦИ СРБИЈЕ". vs.rs (in Serbian). Serbian Armed Forces. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  10. ^ "Označenie vojenských hodností príslušníkov Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky od 1.1.2016" [Designation of military ranks of members of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic from 1.1.2016]. vhu.sk (in Slovak). Military History Institute. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  11. ^ "Čini in razredi". slovenskavojska.si (in Slovenian). Slovenian Armed Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

Sources

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  • Bodrožić, Đuro (2022). "Vojska i država: počeci moderne srpske vojske". Nacionalni interes. 44 (2): 29–46.
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