Himantarioidea

Himantarioidea
	Himantarium gabrielis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Myriapoda
Class:	Chilopoda
Order:	Geophilomorpha
Suborder:	Adesmata
Superfamily:	Himantarioidea; (Bollman, 1893)
Families
	Oryidae; Himantariidae; Schendylidae;

Himantarioidea is a monophyletic superfamily of soil centipedes in the suborder Adesmata containing the families Oryidae, Himantariidae, and Schendylidae (including Ballophilidae).^[1] Centipedes in this superfamily share several distinctive traits. For example, the lateral parts of the labrum in these centipedes are fringed by denticles along the posterior margin. Furthermore, in this superfamily, the proximal (clypeal) part of the roof of the chamber leading to the mouth opening features clusters of spear-shaped sense organs. Moreover, each telopodite of the second maxillae in these centipedes ends in a pretarsus that is flattened at the tip.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b "Himantarioidea Bollman, 1893". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
^ Bonato, Lucio (2014). "Phylogeny of Geophilomorpha (Chilopoda) inferred from new morphological and molecular evidence". Cladistics. The International Journal of the Willi Hennig Society. 30 (5): 485–507 [499, 504]. doi:10.1111/cla.12060. PMID 34794246. S2CID 86204188.
^ Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory; Lewis, John; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis; Shelley, Rowland; Zapparoli, Marzio (2010-11-18). "A common terminology for the external anatomy of centipedes (Chilopoda)". ZooKeys (69): 17–51. Bibcode:2010ZooK...69...17B. doi:10.3897/zookeys.69.737. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3088443. PMID 21594038.
^ Koch, Markus; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2006). "Peristomatic structures in Scutigeromorpha (Chilopoda): a comparative study, with new characters for higher-level systematics". Zoomorphology. 125 (4): 187–207 [187]. doi:10.1007/s00435-006-0027-8. ISSN 0720-213X.
^ Koch, Markus; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2008). "The peristomatic structures of Lithobiomorpha (Myriapoda, Chilopoda): Comparative morphology and phylogenetic significance". Journal of Morphology. 269 (2): 153–174 [154–155]. doi:10.1002/jmor.10578. ISSN 0362-2525. PMID 17935203.

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[itis-1] "Himantarioidea Bollman, 1893". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 4 November 2021.

[2] Bonato, Lucio (2014). "Phylogeny of Geophilomorpha (Chilopoda) inferred from new morphological and molecular evidence". Cladistics. The International Journal of the Willi Hennig Society. 30 (5): 485–507 [499, 504]. doi:10.1111/cla.12060. PMID 34794246. S2CID 86204188.

[3] Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory; Lewis, John; Minelli, Alessandro; Pereira, Luis; Shelley, Rowland; Zapparoli, Marzio (2010-11-18). "A common terminology for the external anatomy of centipedes (Chilopoda)". ZooKeys (69): 17–51. Bibcode:2010ZooK...69...17B. doi:10.3897/zookeys.69.737. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3088443. PMID 21594038.

[4] Koch, Markus; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2006). "Peristomatic structures in Scutigeromorpha (Chilopoda): a comparative study, with new characters for higher-level systematics". Zoomorphology. 125 (4): 187–207 [187]. doi:10.1007/s00435-006-0027-8. ISSN 0720-213X.

[5] Koch, Markus; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2008). "The peristomatic structures of Lithobiomorpha (Myriapoda, Chilopoda): Comparative morphology and phylogenetic significance". Journal of Morphology. 269 (2): 153–174 [154–155]. doi:10.1002/jmor.10578. ISSN 0362-2525. PMID 17935203.

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