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Health spending as percent of gross domestic product (GDP) by country

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World map of total annual healthcare expenditure by country as a share of GDP.[1]

This article includes 2 lists of countries of the world and their total expenditure on health as a percent of national gross domestic product (GDP). GDP is a measure of the total economy of a nation. Total expenditure includes both public and private health expenditures. See also: List of countries by total health expenditure per capita.

The first table lists member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

The next table lists nearly all countries. It uses data from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

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A country list from OECD Data at Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.[2][3]

Table 1

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Location links below are "Healthcare in <location>" links.
Total health spending as a percent of GDP (gross domestic product)
Location 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2024
 Australia 5.8 6.5 7.6 8.4 10.7 10.3
 Austria 4.8 7 7.7 9.2 10.2 11.4 11.8
 Belgium 3.9 6.2 7.1 8 10.2 11.5 11
 Canada 6.3 6.5 8.4 8.2 10.7 13 11.3
 Chile 7 6.8 9.7 10.5
 Colombia 5.6 7.1 8.7 8.1
 Costa Rica 6.6 8 7.8 6.9
 Czech Republic 3.7 5.7 7.6 9 8.5
 Denmark 8.4 8 8.1 10.6 10.7 9.4
 Estonia 5.2 6.6 7.5 7.6
 Finland 5 5.9 7.3 7.1 9.1 9.7 10.6
 France 5.2 6.8 8 9.6 11.2 12.1 11.5
 Germany 5.7 8.1 8 9.9 11.1 12.5 12.3
 Greece 6.1 7.2 9.6 9.4 8.1
 Hungary 6.8 7.4 7.2 6.5
 Iceland 4.7 5.9 7.4 8.9 8.4 9.6 9
 Ireland 4.9 7.5 5.6 5.9 10.5 7 6.9
 Israel 6.7 6.2 6.6 6.9 7.7 7.6
 Italy 7 7.6 8.9 9.6 8.4
 Japan 4.3 6.1 5.7 7 9.1 11.4 10.6
 Latvia 5.4 6.1 7.5 7.5
 Lithuania 6.2 6.8 7.4 6.9
 Luxembourg 4.8 5.3 5.9 6.7 5.8 5.9
 Mexico 4.4 5.7 6.1 5.9
 Netherlands 6.5 7 7.7 10.2 11 10
 New Zealand 5.1 5.8 6.7 7.5 9.6 9.7 11.1
 Norway 4 5.4 7.1 7.7 8.9 11.4 9.7
 Poland 4.3 5.3 6.5 6.4 8.1
 Portugal 2.3 4.8 5.5 8.6 10 10.5 10.2
 Slovakia 5.3 7.7 7.1 8.4
 Slovenia 7.8 8.6 9.5 9.9
 South Korea 2.6 3.4 3.6 3.9 5.8 8 8.4
 Spain 3.1 5 6.1 6.8 9.1 10.8 9.2
 Sweden 5.4 7.7 7.2 7.3 8.3 11.4 11.3
 Switzerland 4.8 6.4 7.6 9.1 9.9 12.0 11.8
 Turkey 2.4 2.4 4.6 5 4.6 4.7
 United Kingdom 4 5.1 5.1 7.1 9.9 12.1 11.1
 United States 6.2 8.2 11.2 12.5 16.2 18.5 17.2

Bar chart and graphs

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Health spending by OECD country, and some other countries. Percent of GDP (gross domestic product).[2][3]
Click to enlarge.
Life expectancy vs healthcare spending of rich OECD countries. US average of $10,447 in 2018.[4] See: list of countries by life expectancy.
Health care cost as percent of GDP over time for a few OECD countries.[2][3]

World Health Organization

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A country list from World Health Organization's Global Health Expenditure Database.[5] Years were selected to get the latest year for these 5 countries included in the table: Albania, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Yemen.

Table 2

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Asterisk (*) indicates "Healthcare in <location>" or "Health in <location>" links.
Total health spending as a percent of GDP (gross domestic product)[5]
Location 2011 2012 2014 2018 2020 2021
 Afghanistan * 8.6 7.9 9.5 14.2 15.5 16.8
 Albania * 6.1 6.1 6.4 6.7
 Algeria * 5.3 6.0 6.5 6.2 6.3
 Andorra * 7.7 6.7 6.8 7.4 9.1
 Angola * 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.9
 Antigua and Barbuda * 5.4 5.5 5.9 4.8 5.6
 Argentina * 9.4 9.8 9.7 9.5 10.0
 Armenia * 9.4 9.1 10.2 10.0 12.2
 Australia * 8.5 8.7 9.8 10.1 10.6
 Austria * 10.0 10.2 10.4 10.3 11.5 12.2
 Azerbaijan * 2.4 3.0 3.4 3.6 4.6
 Bahamas 5.3 5.3 5.6 6.0 7.6
 Bahrain * 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.1 4.7
 Bangladesh * 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6
 Barbados * 6.9 7.8 7.0 6.6 7.2
 Belarus * 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.5 6.4
 Belgium * 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.8 11.1
 Belize * 5.7 5.4 6.2 5.8 6.9
 Benin * 3.1 3.4 2.7 2.5 2.6
 Bhutan * 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.2 4.4
 Bolivia * 5.2 5.3 5.9 6.6 7.9
 Bosnia and Herzegovina * 9.2 9.5 9.5 8.9 9.8
 Botswana * 5.9 6.4 5.9 6.0 6.2
 Brazil * 7.8 7.7 8.4 9.5 10.3
 Brunei * 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.4
 Bulgaria * 7.1 7.5 7.7 7.3 8.5
 Burkina Faso * 4.6 4.6 5.0 5.0 6.7
 Burundi * 10.1 8.5 7.2 7.4 6.5
 Cape Verde * 4.3 5.1 5.3 5.2 6.0
 Cambodia * 7.5 7.3 6.7 6.1 7.5
 Cameroon * 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.8
 Canada * 10.4 10.5 10.3 10.8 12.9 11.7
 Central African Republic * 3.7 3.9 4.6 11.0 9.4
 Chad * 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.6 5.4
 Chile * 6.8 7.0 7.8 9.2 9.8 9.1
 China * 4.3 4.6 4.8 5.2 5.6
 Colombia * 6.8 6.7 7.2 7.6 9.0
 Comoros * 5.3 5.2 5.2 4.9 5.3
 Congo * 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 4.5
 Cook Islands 3.6 3.2 3.3 2.7 3.2
 Costa Rica * 8.1 7.8 7.7 7.3 7.9
 Croatia * 7.7 7.7 6.6 6.8 7.8
 Cuba * 11.3 9.3 12.1 11.0 12.5
 Cyprus * 6.4 6.6 7.0 6.8 8.1
 Czech Republic * 6.9 7.0 7.6 7.5 9.2
 Denmark * 10.4 10.5 10.3 10.1 10.5 10.8
 Djibouti * 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.3 2.0
 Dominica * 5.3 5.8 5.3 6.1 5.6
 Dominican Republic * 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.1 4.9
 DR Congo * 3.3 3.3 4.0 3.3 4.1
 Timor-Leste * 6.9 7.0 7.6 6.3 9.9
 Ecuador * 6.5 6.8 6.7 7.9 8.5
 Egypt * 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.0 4.4
 El Salvador * 8.9 8.6 8.6 8.3 9.9
 Equatorial Guinea * 1.6 1.3 2.2 3.1 3.8
 Eritrea * 5.2 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.1
 Estonia * 5.8 5.8 6.4 6.7 7.8 7.5
 Eswatini * 8.5 7.8 7.3 7.2 6.5
 Ethiopia * 4.5 4.5 4.0 3.3 3.5
 Fiji * 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.7
 Finland * 9.2 9.6 9.8 9.0 9.6
 France * 11.2 11.3 11.5 11.2 12.2
 Gabon * 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.4
 Gambia 4.4 4.3 3.1 3.3 2.6
 Georgia * 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.1 7.6
 Germany * 10.8 10.9 11.0 11.5 12.8 12.8
 Ghana * 4.7 4.0 4.0 3.4 4.0
 Greece * 9.2 8.9 7.9 8.1 9.5
 Grenada * 5.8 5.8 4.8 4.6 5.8
 Guatemala * 6.0 6.1 5.9 6.1 6.5
 Guinea * 3.8 3.5 4.8 3.7 4.0
 Guinea-Bissau * 6.2 5.9 10.0 7.6 8.4
 Guyana * 4.2 3.7 3.9 4.9 5.5
 Haiti * 5.9 5.6 4.5 4.3 3.2
 Honduras * 8.8 8.7 7.9 7.2 9.0 9.1
 Hungary * 7.5 7.4 7.0 6.6 7.3
 Iceland * 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.4 9.6 9.7
 India * 3.2 3.3 3.6 2.9 3.0
 Indonesia * 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.4
 Iran * 6.1 6.1 6.4 7.5 5.3
 Iraq * 2.8 2.7 2.8 4.1 5.1
 Ireland * 10.6 10.6 9.5 6.9 7.1 6.7
 Israel * 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.3 8.3
 Italy * 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.7 9.6 9.5
 Ivory Coast * 4.4 4.4 3.7 3.1 3.7
 Jamaica * 5.2 4.9 5.2 6.0 6.6
 Japan * 10.5 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.9
 Jordan * 8.1 7.8 7.2 7.8 7.5
 Kazakhstan * 2.6 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.8
 Kenya * 5.2 5.0 4.9 4.1 4.3
 Kiribati * 8.6 8.6 10.0 11.9 11.6
 Kuwait * 2.3 2.3 2.9 5.2 6.3
 Kyrgyzstan * 7.1 8.5 7.4 5.0 5.3
 Laos * 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.7
 Latvia * 5.7 5.4 5.5 6.2 7.4
 Lebanon * 8.2 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.0
 Lesotho * 9.5 9.2 9.1 11.0 11.8
 Liberia * 9.4 8.8 9.2 9.8 9.5
 Libya * 6.1
 Lithuania * 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.5 7.5 7.9
 Luxembourg * 6.0 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.8 5.4
 Madagascar * 4.4 3.8 4.4 4.3 3.9
 Malawi * 5.3 6.0 6.9 6.9 5.4
 Malaysia * 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.8 4.1
 Maldives * 7.9 8.7 7.9 7.4 11.3
 Mali * 4.0 3.8 4.5 3.7 4.3
 Malta * 8.4 8.4 9.1 8.6 10.8
 Marshall Islands * 13.1 13.0 13.2 15.3 13.0
 Mauritania * 2.5 2.6 3.5 3.4 3.4
 Mauritius * 4.3 4.3 5.5 5.9 6.7
 Mexico * 5.5 5.7 5.6 5.4 6.2
 Micronesia * 13.1 12.3 11.7 11.7 11.6
 Moldova * 9.1 9.1 8.6 6.6 6.8
 Monaco * 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.6 1.7
 Mongolia * 3.6 3.9 4.2 3.8 4.9
 Montenegro * 8.0 8.3 8.0 8.3 11.4
 Morocco * 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.3 6.0
 Mozambique * 5.0 5.2 6.3 8.1 7.6
 Myanmar * 1.9 2.4 4.4 4.9 4.6
 Namibia * 9.8 9.3 8.4 8.3 8.9
 Nauru * 9.8 9.2 7.9 11.7 12.0
 Nepal * 4.4 4.5 5.1 4.5 5.2
 Netherlands * 10.2 10.5 10.6 10.0 11.1 11.2
 New Zealand * 9.5 9.7 9.4 9.0 10.0
 Nicaragua * 7.4 7.5 8.0 8.5 8.6
 Niger * 4.9 4.3 4.5 5.3 6.2
 Nigeria * 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.4
 Niue 19.8 10.3 10.8 8.3 7.8
 North Macedonia * 6.5 6.6 6.3 6.5 7.9
 Norway * 8.8 8.8 9.3 10.0 11.4 10.1
 Oman * 2.5 2.6 3.6 3.7 5.3
 Pakistan * 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.0
 Palau 10.8 11.6 12.3 11.2 18.4
 Panama * 7.1 6.7 7.2 7.9 9.7
 Papua New Guinea * 2.3 2.7 3.3 2.3 2.5
 Paraguay * 5.8 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.6
 Peru * 4.5 4.7 5.0 5.2 6.3
 Philippines * 4.0 4.2 3.7 4.0 5.1 5.6
 Poland * 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.5 6.6
 Portugal * 9.7 9.7 9.3 9.4 10.5 11.2
 Qatar * 1.6 1.7 2.4 3.3 4.2
 Romania * 4.7 4.7 5.0 5.6 6.3
 Russia * 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.4 7.6
 Rwanda * 7.9 8.1 7.0 6.7 7.3
 Saint Kitts and Nevis * 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.4
 Saint Lucia * 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.4 6.7
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines * 4.2 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.8
 Samoa * 5.4 5.1 6.6 5.1 5.3
 San Marino * 8.2 9.2 8.5 8.5 8.7
 São Tomé and Príncipe * 6.8 6.5 6.7 5.8 4.9
 Saudi Arabia * 3.7 4.0 5.2 5.5
 Senegal * 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 5.2
 Serbia * 9.1 9.3 9.2 8.5 8.7
 Seychelles * 4.8 5.7 4.6 5.0 6.4
 Sierra Leone * 13.3 10.6 19.7 8.3 8.8
 Singapore * 3.2 3.3 3.9 4.1 6.1
 Slovakia * 7.3 7.6 6.9 6.7 7.2
 Slovenia * 8.5 8.7 8.5 8.3 9.5 9.2
 Solomon Islands * 5.0 4.9 4.9 3.9 4.4
 South Africa * 7.9 8.0 7.9 8.1 8.6
 South Korea * 6.0 6.1 6.5 7.5 8.4
 South Sudan * 6.3 5.3
 Spain * 9.2 9.2 9.1 9.0 10.7
 Sri Lanka * 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.1
 Sudan * 5.6 5.7 5.7 4.5 3.0
 Suriname * 4.4 4.3 4.5 6.7 6.8
 Sweden * 10.4 10.7 10.9 10.9 11.4 11.3
 Switzerland * 10.0 10.2 10.6 11.4 11.8
 Syria * 2.5 3.0
 Tajikistan * 5.9 6.0 6.7 7.0 8.2
 Thailand * 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.4
 Togo * 4.6 4.8 5.1 6.0 6.0
 Tonga * 3.8 4.8 5.0 4.8 5.3
 Trinidad and Tobago * 4.7 4.9 5.2 6.7 7.3
 Tunisia * 6.1 6.3 6.5 5.9 6.3
 Turkey * 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.6
 Turkmenistan * 3.2 3.4 4.3 5.7 5.7
 Tuvalu * 14.1 13.6 14.7 18.2 21.5
 Uganda * 6.7 6.1 5.3 4.0 4.0
 Ukraine * 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.5 7.6
 United Arab Emirates * 3.7 3.4 3.6 4.1 5.7
 United Kingdom * 9.9 9.9 9.8 9.7 12.0 11.9
 Tanzania * 5.1 5.0 4.0 4.2 3.7
 United States * 16.1 16.1 16.2 16.6 18.8
 Uruguay * 7.9 8.1 8.1 9.0 9.2
 Uzbekistan * 5.3 5.5 4.4 5.1 6.7
 Vanuatu * 3.6 3.9 3.6 3.3 4.0
 Venezuela * 7.2 6.4 5.8 2.4 3.8
 Vietnam * 4.6 5.0 4.6 5.0 4.7
 Yemen * 4.8 5.2 4.8
 Zambia * 3.5 3.9 3.8 5.1 5.6
 Zimbabwe * 8.1 6.9 8.1 4.7 3.4

See also

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Notes and references

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  1. ^ "Total healthcare expenditure as a share of GDP". Our World in Data.
  2. ^ a b c OECD Data Explorer (stats.oecd.org). Click on "Health expenditure and financing". OECD = Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Choose options: Topic: Health expenditure and financing. Unit of measure: Percentage of GDP. Financing scheme: Total. Reference area: All items. Measure: Expenditure. Health function: Total. Health care provider: Total. Frequency of observation: Annual. Health function: All items. Mode of provision: Total. Revenues of financing schemes: All items. Then export to Excel, and open in a spreadsheet such as freeware LibreOffice Calc. Clean up table and copy to visual editor in a sandbox. Table will include some non-OECD countries at the end. See Help:Table.
  3. ^ a b c Health spending. OECD. Percent of GDP by OECD country. Pick year by dragging timeline to year of choice from 1970 to most recent year available. Click 3-dot menu for choice of expanded bar chart, CSV file for that year, or SVG image of the bar chart.
  4. ^ Link between health spending and life expectancy: US is an outlier. May 26, 2017. By Max Roser at Our World in Data. Click the sources tab under the chart for info on the countries, healthcare expenditures, and data sources. See the later version of the chart here.
  5. ^ a b Global Health Expenditure Database. Data Explorer. World Health Organization. Set up a table by selecting options in the left sidebar. Then click "Download all data in XLSX format". It will have GDP to one decimal place. Then click "view data and build report" to get a table with year columns, and country rows. See if it still only has integer GDP numbers. Print it out, or download in various formats.