French submarine Euler
 An unidentified Brumaire-class submarine in Cherbourg
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 France | |
| Name | Euler |
| Ordered | 29 October 1906 |
| Builder | Arsenal de Cherbourg |
| Laid down | 1910 |
| Launched | 12 October 1912 |
| Completed | 5 September 1913 |
| Stricken | 21 July 1927 |
| Identification | Budget number: Q 71 |
| Fate | Sold for scrap, 3 May 1928 |
| General characteristics (as built) | |
| Class and type | Brumaire-class submarine |
| Displacement | |
| Length | 52.15 m (171 ft 1 in) (o/a) |
| Beam | 5.42 m (17 ft 9 in) |
| Draft | 3.19 m (10 ft 6 in) |
| Installed power | |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
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| Range |
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| Complement | 2 officers and 27 crewmen |
| Armament |
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Euler was one of 16 Brumaire-class submarines built for the French Navy during the 1910s. The submarine was assigned to the 2nd Submarine Squadron based at Cherbourg when the First World War began in August 1914.
Design and description
[edit]The Brumaire class was built as part of the French Navy's 1906 building program[1] to a double-hull design by Maxime Laubeuf that were diesel-engined versions of the preceding Pluviôse class. The boats displaced 397 metric tons (391 long tons) surfaced and 551 metric tons (542 long tons) submerged. She had an overall length of 52.15 meters (171 ft 1 in), a beam of 5.42 meters (17 ft 9 in), and a draft of 3.19 meters (10 ft 6 in).[2] Her crew numbered 29 officers and crewmen.[1]
For surface running, the Brumaires were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. The engines were designed to produce a total of 840 metric horsepower (829 bhp; 618 kW), but normally only produced 725 PS (715 bhp; 533 kW), which was enough to give the boats a speed of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph). When submerged each shaft was driven by a 330-metric-horsepower (325 bhp; 243 kW) electric motor. The maximum speed underwater was 8.8 knots (16.3 km/h; 10.1 mph). They had a surface endurance of 2,000 nautical miles (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at 9.6 knots (17.8 km/h; 11.0 mph) and a submerged endurance of 84 nmi (156 km; 97 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph).[2]
The Brumaire class was armed with one 450-millimeter (17.7 in) torpedo tube in the bow and 6 external 450 mm torpedo launchers; all of which were positioned on the top of the hull. The two forward ones were fixed outwards at an angle of six degrees. The other launchers were single rotating Drzewiecki drop collars amidships. They could traverse 135 degrees to each side of the boat. One reload was provided for the bow tube.[2][3]
Construction and career
[edit]Euler was ordered on 29 October 1906 and was laid down in 1910 at the Arsenal de Cherbourg. The boat was launched on 12 Octrober 1912 and commissioned on 5 September 1913. She was assigned to the 2nd Submarine Squadron (3e escadrille des sous-marins) of the 2nd Light Squadron (2e escadre légère) at Cherbourg when the First World War began a month later.[2]
Citations
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0445-5.
- Garier, Gérard (2002). A l'épreuve de la Grande Guerre. L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). Vol. 3–2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-81-5.
- Garier, Gérard (1998). Des Émeraude (1905-1906) au Charles Brun (1908–1933). L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). Vol. 2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-34-3.
- Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
- Smigielski, Adam (1985). "France". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 190–220. ISBN 0-87021-907-3.