French ironclad floating battery Paixhans
| History | |
|---|---|
 France | |
| Name | Paixhans |
| Namesake | Henri-Joseph Paixhans |
| Ordered | 1 June 1859 |
| Builder | Arman Brothers |
| Laid down | 24 May 1859 |
| Launched | 9 September 1862 |
| Completed | July 1863 |
| Stricken | 21 August 1871 |
| Fate | Scrapped, August 1871 – February 1872 |
| General characteristics (as built) | |
| Class and type | Palestro-class ironclad floating battery |
| Displacement | 1,563 t (1,538 long tons) |
| Length | 47.5 m (155 ft 10 in) |
| Beam | 14.04 m (46 ft 1 in) |
| Draft | 3 m (9 ft 10 in) |
| Installed power | 580 ihp (430 kW) |
| Propulsion | 2 propellers, 2 steam engines |
| Sail plan | schooner |
| Speed | 7–7.5 knots (13.0–13.9 km/h; 8.1–8.6 mph) |
| Complement | 200 |
| Armament | 12 × 164.7 mm (6.48 in) Mle 1860 30 pdr guns |
| Armor |
|
Paixhans was a Palestro-class ironclad floating battery built for the French Navy after the Crimean War of 1854–1855. Completed in 1863, she was immediately placed in reserve although she was briefly commissioned during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871.
Design and development
[edit]In contrast to the Dévastation class, the Palestros were intended to serve as coastal-defense ships and were designed to have greater mobility and seaworthiness than the older ships. They were also reduced in size to minimize their profile.[1] The ships had an overall length of 47.5 m (155 ft 10 in), a beam of 14.04 m (46 ft 1 in) and a draft of 3 m (9 ft 10 in). They displaced 1,563 metric tons (1,538 long tons). The Palestro class was powered by a pair of high-pressure direct-acting steam engines, each driving a single propeller shaft. The engine was rated at 580 indicated horsepower (430 kW). The ships were designed to reach 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph), but some were slightly faster. They were fitted with two masts using a schooner rig.[2][3][4] The ship's complement numbered 200 sailors of all ranks.[3]
The Palestros carried a main battery of a dozen 164.7 mm (6.48 in) Mle 1860 30 pdr guns guns on the main deck. The ships were protected by a full-length waterline belt of wrought iron that was 120 mm (4.7 in) thick. Protection for the gun battery was 110 mm (4.3 in) thick.[5] At some point, the Mle 1860 guns were replaced by Mle 1864 rifled breech-loading guns and then reduced in number to 10 guns.[2]
Construction and career
[edit]Paixhans, named after General Henri-Joseph Paixhans, was ordered on 1 June 1859, although she had been laid down at the Arman Brothers shipyard in Bordeaux on 24 May 1859. The ship was launched on 9 September 1862 and completed in July 1863. She was immediately placed in reserve and remained there until she was commissioned on 8 September 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Roberts 2021, pp. 88–89.
- ^ a b c Roberts 2021, p. 89.
- ^ a b Caruana & Koehler 1996, p. 416.
- ^ Gille 1999, p. 15.
- ^ Roberts 2021, p. 88.
Bibliography
[edit]- de Balincourt, Captain & Vincent-Bréchignac, Captain (1973). "French Floating Batteries". F.P.D.S. Newsletter. I (2): 13–20. OCLC 41554533.
- Caruana, J. & Koehler, R. B. (1996). "Question 7/95: French Ironclad Floating Batteries". Warship International. XXXIII (4): 416–418. ISSN 0043-0374.
- Gille, Eric (1999). Cent ans de cuirassés français [A Century of French Battleships] (in French). Nantes: Marines. ISBN 2-909-675-50-5.
- Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
- Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours [Dictionary of French Warships from Colbert to Today] (in French). Vol. Tome I: 1671–1870. Toulon: Roche. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.