Draft:Voiceless linguolabial nasal

Voiceless linguolabial nasal
n̼̊
m̺̊
Audio sample
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Encoding
X-SAMPA	m_d_0

The voiceless linguolabial nasal (stop) is a rare type of consonantal sound. See the Occurrence section in this article for its occurrence in languages.

IPA symbol

The symbol that represents this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨n̼̊⟩, (devoiced and linguolabialized n). It can be represented as ⟨n̼̥⟩ but for perhaps for reasons of readability, it is transcribed as ⟨n̼̊⟩.

The symbol ⟨n̼̊⟩ itself is actually a diacritic combination of a lowercase letter n, a seagull below, and a ring above.

It's also possible that it can be represented by ⟨m̺̊⟩, (devoiced and apical m). Because the voiced counterpart of this sound can be transcribed as ⟨n̼⟩ or ⟨m̺⟩, and linguolabial consonants can be transcibed with the apical diacritic, U+033A ◌̺ COMBINING INVERTED BRIDGE BELOW, on the corresponding bilabial consonant, and the corresponding bilabial consonant is ⟨m̥⟩.

The symbol ⟨m̺̊⟩ is a diacritic combination of a lowercase letter m, an inverted bridge below, and a ring above.

Computing codes

The computing codes for the IPA symbols are:

First symbol

Character information

Preview	n		̼		̊
Unicode name	LATIN SMALL LETTER N		COMBINING SEAGULL BELOW		COMBINING RING ABOVE
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	110	U+006E	828	U+033C	778	U+030A
UTF-8	110	6E	204 188	CC BC	204 138	CC 8A
Numeric character reference	n	n	̼	̼	̊	̊

Second symbol

Character information

Preview	m		̺		̊
Unicode name	LATIN SMALL LETTER M		COMBINING INVERTED BRIDGE BELOW		COMBINING RING ABOVE
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	109	U+006D	826	U+033A	778	U+030A
UTF-8	109	6D	204 186	CC BA	204 138	CC 8A
Numeric character reference	m	m	̺	̺	̊	̊

Features

• Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Because the consonant is also nasal, the blocked airflow is redirected through the nose.
• Its place of articulation is linguolabial, which means it is articulated with the tongue against the upper lip.
• It is a nasal consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the nose, either exclusively (nasal stops) or in addition to through the mouth.
• Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
• Its airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

It is unlikely that it occurs in any languages. Voiceless nasals are rare in general (because they're very difficult to distinguish acoustically).

The odds that a language would have the voiceless and voiced linguolabial nasal are extremely low. And it seems that none have been documented.

Otherwise, the voiceless linguolabial nasal is only known from disordered speech, and both the symbol ⟨n̼̊⟩ and this sound are found in the ExtIPA.

See also

• Voiced linguolabial nasal

References

This page will be placed in the following categories if it is moved to the article namespace.

Categories:

• Linguolabial consonants
• Pulmonic consonants
• Nasal consonants