Draft:Outline of legumes

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to legumes:

Legumes (/ˈlɛɡjuːm, ləˈɡjuːm/) are plants in the pea family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants. When used as a dry grain for human consumption, the seeds are also called pulses. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, but also as livestock forage and silage, and as soil-enhancing green manure. Legumes produce a botanically unique type of fruit – a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides.

What type of things are legumes?

Legumes can be described as all of the following:

Types of legumes

• Grain legumes (pulses) – (FAO codes included below).
  1. Dry beans (FAOSTAT code 0176, Phaseolus spp. including several species now in Vigna)
     • Kidney bean, navy bean, pinto bean, black turtle bean, haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
     • Lima bean, butter bean (Phaseolus lunatus)
     • Adzuki bean, azuki bean (Vigna angularis)
     • Mung bean, golden gram, green gram (Vigna radiata)
     • Black gram, urad (Vigna mungo)
     • Scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus)
     • Ricebean (Vigna umbellata)
     • Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia)
     • Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)
  2. Dry broad beans (code 0181, Vicia faba)
     • Horse bean (Vicia faba equina)
     • Broad bean (Vicia faba)
     • Field bean (Vicia faba)
  3. Dry peas (code 0187, Pisum spp.)
     • Garden pea (Pisum sativum var. sativum)
     • Protein pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense)
  4. Chickpea, garbanzo, Bengal gram (code 0191, Cicer arietinum)
  5. Dry cowpea, black-eyed pea, blackeye bean (code 0195, Vigna unguiculata)
  6. Pigeon pea, Arhar/Toor, cajan pea, Congo bean, gandules (code 0197, Cajanus cajan)
  7. Lentil (code 0201, Lens culinaris)
  8. Bambara groundnut, earth pea (code 0203, Vigna subterranea)
  9. Vetch, common vetch (code 0205, Vicia sativa)
  10. Lupins (code 0210, Lupinus spp.)
  11. Pulses NES (code 0211), Minor pulses, including:
      • Lablab, hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus)
      • Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), sword bean (Canavalia gladiata)
      • Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
      • Velvet bean, cowitch (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis)
      • Yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus)

History of legumes

History of legumes

General legume concepts

• Legume lectin
• List of legume dishes
• Peanut allergy