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Draft:Gerhard Grössing

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  • Comment: Notability is not proven. The criteria of WP:NPROF apply to all academics, and there is no evidence of sufficient peer recognition from citations of his work or major awards. Currently this is an extended CV, not an encyclopedic article on a notable academic. Ldm1954 (talk) 23:29, 28 July 2025 (UTC)

Gerhard Grössing
Gerhard Grössing in 2018
Born(1957-02-02)February 2, 1957
Vienna, Austria
Died(2019-01-07)January 7, 2019
Vienna, Austria
CitizenshipAustria
Alma mater
Known forQuantum cellular automaton, Sub-Quantum Sweeper Effect, Emergent Quantum Mechanics
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics, Quantum mechanics De Broglie–Bohm theory Penrose_interpretation Stochastic quantum mechanics Stochastic electrodynamics Zero-point energy Interpretations of quantum mechanics
Institutions
Thesis Quark Jets  (1984)

Gerhard Grössing (b. Vienna, 2 February 1957), (d. Vienna, 7 January 2019), was an Austrian Quantum physisist, developing the new alternative concept of "Emerging Quantum Mechanic". This opposed scientifically the mainstream Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics , which his Austrian colleague Anton Zeilinger followed. Working in the 1980s along with Zeilinger, later a Nobel laureate in 2022, they departed scientifically around 1990. Grössing established a research institute, where he and his team worked out mathematical details of their new research field of "Emergent Quantum Mechanics". It is a type of "Bohmian" - ontological and realistic - interpretation of quantum mechanics.

His new mechanic, by applying mathematical physics, led to one of Grössings most surprising new theoretical findings: The prediction, calculation, and modelling of an unexpected "sub-quantum sweeper effect" in the double-slit experimental situation . The postulated effect leads to a distortion and deviation of the interference patterns, which is not expected to happen, according to thinking confined by Classical Physics on waves and by the Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics. It goes beyond both, by incorporating (sub-quantum) "particle" and (Hamiltonian) "wave" perspectives as Grössing clarified in a seminar at MIT. [2] [3]

Average trajectory behavior during the „quantum sweeper effect“ for different transmission factors a at the right slit of a double-slit setup. (Superclassical computer simulation of the sweeper effect)
Sub-Quantum Sweeper Effect at the double slit .

Education, scientific career, disagreement with Anton Zeilinger, early death

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Grössing studied Physics and Mathematics at the University of Vienna. During his study in Vienna he moved temporarily to the United States. He became Teaching Assistant at Iowa State University and Research Assistant in High Energy Physics at the Ames National Laboratory in 1979/80. In 1980 he graduated with a Master of Science in Iowa. He graduated as Doctor of sciences with a Ph.D. thesis on Quark Jets at the University of Vienna in 1984.[4] In the 1980s he initially worked togehter with Anton Zeilinger on solutions in quantum mechanics, at the Atominstitute Vienna. They researched the fields of „Quantum Cellular Automata“ (QCA) and „Quantum Cybernetics“. [5][6] [7] [8] However their scientific views on quantum mechanics soon diverged.[9][10][11]

Whereas Zeilinger contiuned to follow the main stream Copenhagen Interpretation, the 12 years younger Grössing turned to the alternative de-Broglie Bohmian view of quantum physics. They reduced publishing together. Grössing established his own independent research institute based in Vienna, the Austrian Institute of Non-linear studies (AINS) in 1990.[12] In the 2000s, heading the team at AINS, his new way of detailed mathematical modelling, and the resulting findings on a deeper level (ontologcial, Bohmian view), were named "Emergent Quantum Mechanics" (EmQM). [13]

Organising global "emergent quantum mechanics" (EmQM) conferences

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The first conference in 2011 was co-organised by him at the University of Vienna. As scientific head of AINS Grössing became member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the Fetzer-Franklin Fund, USA, in 2012. There he coordinated and co-organised three out for four further, "emergent quantum mechanics" (EmQM) conferences with global reach. The focus was the devolopment of alternatives to the Copenhagen Interpretation.The final conference took place at the University of London. [14] Grössing`s death, in January 2019 at the age of 62, following years with increasingly hindering sickness, terminated his work at Fetzer Foundation early. Since then no further international conferences on Emergent Quantum Mechanics were convened. 2017, during the final conference in London, Grössing could present summaries of his concepts and findings.[15] [16]

Notable interrelated concepts and findings

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A deeper level theory (DLT) for quantum mechanics

The concept of DLT is a combination of classical mathematical models for continous physical realities like fluids (hydrodanmics, wave mechanics) and heat dissipation (thermodynamic,[17]) with quantum ("particle") mathematical reasoning:

" Emergent Quantum Mechanics stands for the idea that quantum mechanics is based on a more encompassing deeper level theory. This counters the traditional belief, usually expressed in the context of orthodox Copenhagen-type quantum mechanics, that quantum theory is an “ultimate” theory whose main features will prevail for all time and will be applicable to all questions of physics... Our group’s approach,which we pursued throughout the last 10 years, is characterized by the search for such a theory under the premise that even for nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger equation cannot be an appropriate starting point, since the wavefunction is still lacking a firm theoretical basis and its meaning is generally not agreed upon. " [18]

The combination enables the derivation of Schrödinger Equation through DLT, as elucitated from a different perspective in a series of five publications.[19] [20] [21] [22] [23] as is the derivation of deBroglie–Bohm guiding equation through DLT possible.[24]

Nature is assumed to be a superclassical "one world" with Zero-point vacuum energy.

"Our model, though also largely classical, has a very different ontology from the “ many classical worlds” one. We consider one “superclassical” world instead: a purely classical world plus “cosmological nonlocality,” i.e., a nonlocal bath for every oscillator/particle due to the all-pervading vacuum energy, which—mostly in the context of quantum mechanics—is called the zero-point energy."

A world, where the particles are a nonequilibrium steady state of a permanent throughput of energy (heat flow). [17] This leads to the consequence that experimental arrangements are vacuum landscaping:

"in the spirit of David Bohm’s thinking to direct one’s attention away from a particle-centered view and consider an alternative option: that the universe is to be taken as a totality, which, only under very specific and delicate experimental arrangements, can be broken down to a laboratory-sized relevant environment, even if that laboratory might stretch along interplanetary distances. In our approach, the setting up of an experimental arrangement limits ... is described as vacuum landscaping. Accordingly, any change of the boundary conditions can be the cause of nonlocal influences throughout the whole setup, thus explaining, e.g., Aspect-type experiments. We argue that these influences can in no way be used for signaling purposes in the communication theoretic sense,and are therefore fully compatible with special relativity."

The above concepts are based on mathematical physics reasoning. Equations, transformations, and derivations are presented in the referenced publications, and summarized in the final publication of late Grössing: "Vacuum Landscaping: Cause of Nonlocal Influences without Signaling", 2018. [18]

Notable findings

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Slit experiments

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The "sub-quantum sweeper effect" is one of most surprising results of Grössing and his team. The classical inference pattern, of waves after the double slit, is "pushed" and distorted asymetrically depending on the difference in energy density between the two slits on the exit side (see image). Such a distortion should not happen according to classcial wave physics and the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. The distortion should be best observable with low intensity ("weak") particle streams, which differ in their energy density on the slit´s exits by magnitudes. The higher the difference, the stronger the attenuation should be.[25]

Insights into limits of Copenhagen Interpretation (CI)

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As Grössing`s Emergent Quantum Mechanics (EmQM) presumes deeper levels of understanding than the Copenhagen Interpretation (CI), it can predict it´s limits better. One of those insights was, that the claim of CI on the true randomnes of quantum processes , would not hold. The "true randomnes claim" had large scale economic implications in the 1990s , as it seemed to promise by quantum encryption an extremly secure electronic money transactions.[26] Grössing found, that such extraordinary randomness claim is overstated: Depending on the enviromental/experimental configuration, processes at the quantum level are influenced, and can be steered in their randomness. [27] His prediction of limits was confirmed also by practice around 2023 in the field of cryptology and hardware random number generators proper. [28]

Reception

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2003 - The Der Standard, a quality newspaper of Austria, reports on Grössings findings, applying also the water metaphor explaining the pilot waves aspects of Grössings quantum concepts after a talk with him, headlining "Like the wake of a boat" (German orig.: Wie das Kielwasser eines Bootes)[29]

Among peer physisists until 2019

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Outside Austria the support for Grössing´s research programme was clearly visible during his lifetime already. Globally know physisists returned and contributed to Grössing´s EmQM conferences. In these four conferences (2011 - 2017), internationally well known physisists like Max Tegmark , Yakir Aharonov , Huw Price , Tim Maudlin, Gerard 't Hooft , Basil Hiley, Edward Nelson, attended repeatetly. Also nobel prize winner Sir Roger Penrose attended. These physisists supported the direction of Grössing´s research. [30][31] [16]

In 2015 Ross J. Anderson of Cambridge University aired publicly his enthusiasm for the research agenda of Grössing, and declared Grössing´s EmQM conferences as "go-to place if you’re interested in whether quantum mechanics dooms us to a universe (or multiverse) that can be causal or local but not both, or whether we might just make sense of it after all. "[32]

After 2019

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In 2023, also Austrian physisist Prof. Jörg Schmiedmayer, based at the Atominstitute of the University of Technology of Vienna, explicitly took up "Emergency in quantum physics" to examine "why simple hydrodynamic laws can perform better than believed up to now in quantum systems". In doing so he was granted prestigious European Research Council (ERC) funding. [33] In this Schmiedmayer followed the concepts of "super-classical" physics as outlined by Grössing and his team years before.

In 2025 F. Meier, from the University of Technology in Vienna, et al., combined applied measurements with analoge experiments for quantum physics, to publish the Emergence of a Second Law of Thermodynamics in Isolated Quantum Systems: “In quantum physics, you often come across very complicated equations. When a large number of particles are involved, even the world's largest supercomputers are hopelessly overwhelmed,” according to a member of the research group.[34] [35]

Articles in other science fields and science communication

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Philosophy and History

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1993 - In the international philosophical journal Diogenes: "Atomism at the End of the Twentieth Century", Grössing warned for over-enthusiasm of the particles view (atomism), and urged no to forget the physics knowledge on continuos entities.[36]

2005 - In the Austrian journal for historical studies, OZG: "Continuum - The history of a mental suppression, with special focus on quantum theory" (German orig.: Kontinuum - Die Geschichte einer Verdrängung, mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Quantentheorie).[37]

2007 - In the philosophy book "On the concept of Metaphors" the chapter titled: "The continous embedding of discrete events. On metaphors in Physics" (German orig. "Die kontinuierliche Einbettung diskreter Ereignisse. Über Metaphern in der Physik").[38]

Science communication

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2000 - For the Conference-Catalogue on Water at the State Exhibition Hall of Germany in Bonn: "Water holds up as an exemplary picture for science research" (German orig.:"Wasser als VorBild zur Naturforschung") in: Bernd Busch, Red., Wasser, Köln 2000, p. 69-81 [39]

Books

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The Unconscious in Physics  - On the object-oriented conditions of scientific theory formation (1994, German)[40]

Quantum Cybernetics - Toward a Unification of Relativity and Quantum Theory via Circularly Causal Modeling (2000)[41]

Emergent Quantum Mechanics - David Bohm Centennial Perspectives (2019)[42]

Personal life

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When running his own research institue, he also earned his living as an employee of the central Austrian Patent Office in Vienna. He was married with Angelika Krawanja, the couple had adopted a child. In his last years he suffered from a severe longtime lifethreatening sickness he finally succumbed.[43]

[edit]

https://www.fetzer-franklin-fund.org/media/gerhard-groessing/

https://www.fetzer-franklin-fund.org/?s=Grössing

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gerhard-Groessing

http://atomchip.org/general-information/people/schmiedmayer/

Gerhard Grössing (Q95333249)

References

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This page will be placed in the following categories if it is moved to the article namespace.
Categories:

  1. ^ https://nonlinearstudies.at
  2. ^ Groessing, Gerhard; Fussy, Siegfried; Pascasio, Johannes Mesa; Schwabl, Herbert (February 2015). "Extreme beam attenuation in double-slit experiments: Quantum and subquantum scenarios". Annals of Physics. 353: 271–281. arXiv:1406.1346. Bibcode:2015AnPhy.353..271G. doi:10.1016/j.aop.2014.11.015.
  3. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (May 12, 2015). "Droplets in the Zero-Point Ocean: Towards a Superclassical Account of an Emergent Quantum Mechanics" (PDF). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved April 3, 2025.
  4. ^ "About AINS – nonlinearstudies.at". Retrieved April 3, 2025.
  5. ^ Grössing, Gerhard; Zeilinger, Anton (1988). "Quantum cellular automata". Complex Systems. 2 (2). Complex Systems Publications, Inc. Champaign, IL, USA: 197–208. grossing1988quantum.
  6. ^ Grössing, Gerhard; Zeilinger, Anton (July 1, 1988). "Structures in quantum cellular automata". Physica B+C. 151 (1): 366–369. Bibcode:1988PhyBC.151..366G. doi:10.1016/0378-4363(88)90196-9. ISSN 0378-4363.
  7. ^ Grössing, Gerhard; Zeilinger, Anton (May 1, 1988). "A conservation law in quantum cellular automata". Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 31 (1): 70–77. Bibcode:1988PhyD...31...70G. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(88)90014-0. ISSN 0167-2789.
  8. ^ Grössing, Gerhard; Zeilinger, Anton (July 1, 1991). "Zeno's paradox in quantum cellular automata". Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 50 (3): 321–326. Bibcode:1991PhyD...50..321G. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(91)90002-Q. ISSN 0167-2789.
  9. ^ Fussy, Siegfried; Grössing, Gerhard; Schwabl, Herbert; Scrinzi, Armin (November 1, 1993). "Nonlocal computation in quantum cellular automata". Physical Review A. 48 (5): 3470–3477. Bibcode:1993PhRvA..48.3470F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.48.3470. ISSN 1050-2947. PMID 9910009.
  10. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (1993). "Atomism at the End of the Twentieth Century". Diogenes. 41 (163). Cambridge University Press: 71–88. doi:10.1177/039219219304116305. grossing1993atomism.
  11. ^ Fussy, Siegfried; Grössing, Gerhard (March 7, 1994). "Fractal evolution of normalized feedback systems on a lattice". Physics Letters A. 186 (1): 145–151. Bibcode:1994PhLA..186..145F. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(94)90936-9. ISSN 0375-9601.
  12. ^ "About AINS – nonlinearstudies.at". Retrieved April 3, 2025.
  13. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (September 10, 2010). "Sub-Quantum Thermodynamics as a Basis of Emergent Quantum Mechanics". Entropy. 12 (9): 1975–2044. doi:10.3390/e12091975. ISSN 1099-4300.
  14. ^ "Gerhard Grössing | Person".
  15. ^ Fetzer Franklin Fund (October 11, 2020). Gerhard Groessing: Vacuum Landscaping: Cause of Nonlocal Influences without Signalling (EmQM17). Retrieved April 5, 2025 – via YouTube.
  16. ^ a b Austrian Institute of Nonlinear Studies (AINS) (2020). "EMQM 11, 13, 15, 17 - Conferences - acccess page". Retrieved April 3, 2025.
  17. ^ a b Grössing, Gerhard (March 2009). "On the thermodynamic origin of the quantum potential". Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications. 388 (6): 811–823. arXiv:0808.3539. Bibcode:2009PhyA..388..811G. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2008.11.033.
  18. ^ a b Grössing, Gerhard; Fussy, Siegfried; Mesa Pascasio, Johannes; Schwabl, Herbert (June 13, 2018). "Vacuum Landscaping: Cause of Nonlocal Influences without Signaling". Entropy. 20 (6): 458. Bibcode:2018Entrp..20..458G. doi:10.3390/e20060458. ISSN 1099-4300. PMC 7512975. PMID 33265548.
  19. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (June 2008). "The vacuum fluctuation theorem: Exact Schrödinger equation via nonequilibrium thermodynamics". Physics Letters A. 372 (25): 4556–4563. arXiv:0711.4954. Bibcode:2008PhLA..372.4556G. doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2008.05.007.
  20. ^ Grössing, Gerhard; Fussy, Siegfried; Mesa Pascasio, Johannes; Schwabl, Herbert (November 2010). "Emergence and collapse of quantum mechanical superposition: Orthogonality of reversible dynamics and irreversible diffusion". Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications. 389 (21): 4473–4484. arXiv:1004.4596. Bibcode:2010PhyA..389.4473G. doi:10.1016/j.physa.2010.07.017.
  21. ^ Grössing, G; Fussy, S; Pascasio, J Mesa; Schwabl, H (July 8, 2011). "Elements of sub-quantum thermodynamics: quantum motion as ballistic diffusion". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 306 (1): 012046. arXiv:1005.1058. Bibcode:2011JPhCS.306a2046G. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/306/1/012046. ISSN 1742-6596.
  22. ^ Grössing, G.; Fussy, S.; Mesa Pascasio, J.; Schwabl, H. (February 2012). "An explanation of interference effects in the double slit experiment: Classical trajectories plus ballistic diffusion caused by zero-point fluctuations". Annals of Physics. 327 (2): 421–437. arXiv:1106.5994. Bibcode:2012AnPhy.327..421G. doi:10.1016/j.aop.2011.11.010.
  23. ^ Grössing, Gerhard; Mesa Pascasio, Johannes; Schwabl, Herbert (September 2011). "A Classical Explanation of Quantization". Foundations of Physics. 41 (9): 1437–1453. arXiv:0812.3561. Bibcode:2011FoPh...41.1437G. doi:10.1007/s10701-011-9556-1. ISSN 0015-9018.
  24. ^ Grössing, G.; Fussy, S.; Mesa Pascasio, J.; Schwabl, H. (April 2015). "Implications of a deeper level explanation of the deBroglie–Bohm version of quantum mechanics". Quantum Studies: Mathematics and Foundations. 2 (1): 133–140. arXiv:1412.8349. Bibcode:2015QSMF....2..133G. doi:10.1007/s40509-015-0031-0. ISSN 2196-5609.
  25. ^ Groessing, Gerhard; Fussy, Siegfried; Pascasio, Johannes Mesa; Schwabl, Herbert (February 2015). "Extreme beam attenuation in double-slit experiments: Quantum and subquantum scenarios". Annals of Physics. 353: 271–281. arXiv:1406.1346. Bibcode:2015AnPhy.353..271G. doi:10.1016/j.aop.2014.11.015.
  26. ^ Zeilinger, Anton (1996). "On the Interpretation and Philosophical Foundation of Quantum Mechanics" (PDF). Retrieved April 4, 2025.
  27. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (January 1, 2005). "Kontinuum: Die Geschichte einer Verdrängung, mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Quantentheorie". Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften (in German). 16 (1): 137–167. doi:10.25365/oezg-2005-16-1-7. ISSN 2707-966X.
  28. ^ Mannalath, Vaisakh; Mishra, Sandeep; Pathak, Anirban (2023). "A Comprehensive Review of Quantum Random Number Generators: Concepts, Classification and the Origin of Randomness". Quantum Information Processing. 22 (12): 439. arXiv:2203.00261. Bibcode:2023QuIP...22..439M. doi:10.1007/s11128-023-04175-y.
  29. ^ "Wie das Kielwasser eines Bootes". DER STANDARD (in Austrian German). Retrieved April 9, 2025.
  30. ^ Heinz von Förster Gesellschaft - Universität Wien. "Emergent Quantum Mechanics". Heinz von Förstner Congress 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2025.
  31. ^ Fetzer Franklin Fund (November 22, 2017) [2017-11-22]. "Emerging Quantum Mechanics Conference (EmQM17) - Bohm Centenial - University of London". EmQM17 - short recap. Retrieved April 3, 2025.
  32. ^ "Emerging, fascinating, and disruptive views of quantum mechanics | Light Blue Touchpaper". October 28, 2015.
  33. ^ Atominstitut Vienna (March 30, 2023). "European Research Grant for Jörg Schmiedmayer". Retrieved July 27, 2025.
  34. ^ Meier, Florian; Rivlin, Tom; Debarba, Tiago; Xuereb, Jake; Huber, Marcus; Lock, Maximilian P.E. (January 14, 2025). "Emergence of a Second Law of Thermodynamics in Isolated Quantum Systems". PRX Quantum. 6 (1): 010309. arXiv:2406.01677. Bibcode:2025PRXQ....6a0309M. doi:10.1103/PRXQuantum.6.010309.
  35. ^ "Even Quantum Physics Obeys the Law of Entropy". January 29, 2025.
  36. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (September 1993). "Atomism at the End of the Twentieth Century". Diogenes. 41 (163): 71–88. doi:10.1177/039219219304116305. ISSN 0392-1921.
  37. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (January 1, 2005). "Kontinuum: Die Geschichte einer Verdrängung, mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Quantentheorie". Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften (in German). 16 (1): 137–167. doi:10.25365/oezg-2005-16-1-7. ISSN 2707-966X.
  38. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (January 1, 2007), Czernin, Franz Josef; Eder, Thomas (eds.), "Die kontinuierliche Einbettung diskreter Ereignisse. Über Metaphern in der Physik", Zur Metapher, Brill | Fink, pp. 213–222, doi:10.30965/9783846742143_022, ISBN 978-3-7705-4214-7, retrieved April 9, 2025
  39. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (2000). "Wasser als Vor-Bild zur Naturforschung". Tagungsband Wasser, Schriftenreihe Forum der Kunst-und Ausstellungshalle der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Bonn, S: 69–81.
  40. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (1993). Das Unbewußte in der Physik - Über die objektalen Bedingungen naturwissenschaftlicher Theoriebildung [The Unconscious in Physics - On the object-oriented conditions of scientific theory formation] (in German). A-1190, Vienna, Austria: Turia & Kant. ISBN 3-85132-043-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  41. ^ Grössing, Gerhard (2000). Quantum Cybernetics - Toward a Unification of Relativity and Quantum Theory via Circularly Causal Modeling. New York, USA: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1296-6. ISBN 978-0-387-98960-0.
  42. ^ Walleczek, Jan; Grössing, Gerhard; Pylkkänen, Paavo; Hiley, Basil (April 2019). Emergent Quantum Mechanics - David Bohm Centennial Perspectives. MDPI books. p. 544. ISBN 978-3-03897-616-5.
  43. ^ "English: Public Obituary Note for Gerhard Grössing - so called Parte - made public according to Austrian funeral habits". January 10, 2019.
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