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Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the Qing dynasty

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While the Qing dynasty of China tried to maintain the traditional tributary system of China, by the 19th century Qing China had become part of a European-style community of sovereign states[1] and had established official diplomatic relations with over twenty countries around the world before its downfall in 1912. It also established legations and consulates known as the "Chinese Legation", "Imperial Consulate of China", "Imperial Chinese Consulate (General)" or similar names in seventeen countries since the 1870s.

List of diplomatic relations

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Europe

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Country Date of establishment
United Kingdom August 29, 1842
France October 24, 1844
Sweden March 20, 1847
Norway March 20, 1847
 Russia June 13, 1858
 Germany September 2, 1861
Portugal August 13, 1862
Denmark July 13, 1863
Netherlands October 6, 1863
Spain October 10, 1864
Belgium November 2, 1865
Italy October 26, 1866
Austria-Hungary September 2, 1869

Americas

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Country Date of establishment
United States July 3, 1844
Peru June 26, 1874
Brazil October 3, 1881
Mexico December 14, 1899
Cuba September 16, 1902
Canada January 9, 1909
Panama January 16, 1910

Asia

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Country Date of establishment
Japan September 13, 1871
Korea September 11, 1899

Africa

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Country Date of establishment
South Africa November 4, 1904

Oceania

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Country Date of establishment
Australia May 21, 1908
New Zealand May 21, 1908

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Rowe, Rowe (2010). China's Last Empire – The Great Qing. Harvard University Press. p. 211. ISBN 9780674054554. Retrieved February 15, 2010.
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