Butyricicoccus porcorum
| Butyricicoccus porcorum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Bacillati |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Clostridia |
| Order: | Oscillospirales |
| Family: | Oscillospiraceae |
| Genus: | Butyricicoccus |
| Species: | B. porcorum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Butyricicoccus porcorum Trachsel, Humphrey & Allen, 2018
| |
| Type strain | |
| BB10T (= ATCC TSD-102T, DSM 104997T) | |
Butyricicoccus porcorum is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, butyrate-producing bacterium belonging to the genus Butyricicoccus. It was first isolated from the swine gastrointestinal tract and officially described as a novel species in 2018.[1]
Characteristics
[edit]Cells of B. porcorum are non-motile, coccoid-shaped, and obligate anaerobes. The organism exhibits mesophilic growth conditions (optimal at 37°C) and forms white to off-white colonies approximately 2 mm in diameter after two days of growth. It ferments mono- and disaccharides predominantly into butyrate.[1]
Phylogeny
[edit]Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicate B. porcorum shares closest similarity (~93.5%) with Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum.[1]
Isolation and distribution
[edit]Initially isolated from the distal ileum of swine in Iowa, USA, the type strain is BB10T (=ATCC TSD-102T, DSM 104997T).[1] More recently, a strain of B. porcorum (Bp 531D) was isolated from human gut microbiota, suggesting broader host distribution.[2]
B. porcorum has also been found to be significantly more abundant in the gastrointestinal microbiota of post-weaned pigs compared to pre-weaned piglets, suggesting a role in the microbial succession that occurs during weaning.[3]
Functional role
[edit]The human-derived strain Bp 531D possesses metabolic pathways for one-carbon metabolism and contains multiple mobile genetic elements. Animal studies in mice demonstrate its capability to modulate gut microbiota composition and influence immune responses by increasing MHC class II expression in dendritic cells and promoting IL-10⁺ and IL-22⁺ Th17 cells. These findings suggest potential roles in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis.[2]
Significance
[edit]As a butyrate-producing member of the gut microbiota, B. porcorum contributes to intestinal health through the production of butyrate, an important short-chain fatty acid that maintains epithelial barrier integrity and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Its presence in human gut microbiota emphasizes potential probiotic and therapeutic applications.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Trachsel, J; Humphrey, S; Allen, HK (5 April 2018). "Butyricicoccus porcorum sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium from swine intestinal tract". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 68 (5): 1737–1742. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.002738. PMID 29620502.
- ^ a b c Zhao, N; Geng, P; Perez, AG; Maya, AC; Yadav, B; Du, Y; Ge, Y (9 July 2025). "Genomic and functional characterization of a Butyricicoccus porcorum strain isolated from human gut microbiota". mSystems: e00790-25. doi:10.1128/msystems.00790-25. PMID 40631899.
- ^ Holman, DB; Gzyl, KE; Mou, KT; Allen, HK (21 December 2021). "Weaning Age and Its Effect on the Development of the Swine Gut Microbiome and Resistome". mSystems. 6 (6): e00682-21. doi:10.1128/mSystems.00682-21. PMC 8609972. PMID 34812652.