Anabantiformes
| Anabantiformes Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Clade: | Percomorpha |
| Order: | Anabantiformes Li, Dettaï, Cruaud, Couloux, Desoutter-Meniger & Lecointre, 2009[1] |
| Type species | |
| Anabas testudineus | |
| Suborders and Families[2] | |
|
see text | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The Anabantiformes /ænəˈbæntɪfɔːrmiːz/, is an order of bony fish (Teleostei) proposed in 2009.[1] They are collectively known as labyrinth fish,[4] are an order of air-breathing freshwater ray-finned fish with three suborders, eight families, and at least 350 species.[5][6] This order is the sister group to the Synbranchiformes, with both comprising the monophyletic clade Anabantaria. Anabantaria is a sister group to the Carangiformes, with the clade comprising both being a sister clade to the Ovalentaria.[7] This group of fish are found in Asia and Africa, with some species introduced to North America.
These fish are characterized by the presence of teeth on the parasphenoid.[7] The snakeheads and the anabantoids are united by the presence of the labyrinth organ, which is a highly folded suprabranchial accessory breathing organ. It is formed by vascularized expansion of the epibranchial bone of the first gill arch and used for respiration in air.[8][7]
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Many species are popular as aquarium fish - the most notable are the Siamese fighting fish and several species of gouramies.[8] In addition to being aquarium fish, some of the larger anabantiforms (such as the giant gourami[10]) are also harvested for food in their native countries.[8][11]
Taxonomy
[edit]There are three suborders and eight families currently recognized within the order Anabantiformes:[5][12]
- Order Anabantiformes
- Suborder Anabantoidei Berg, 1940
- Family Anabantidae Bonaparte, 1831
- Family Helostomatidae Gill, 1872
- Family Osphronemidae van der Hoeven, 1832
- †Ombilinichthys Murray et al., 2015a[9]
- Subfamily Belontiinae Liem, 1962
- Subfamily Osphroneminae van der Hoeven, 1832
- Osphronemus Lacepède, 1801
- Subfamily Luciocephalinae Bleeker, 1852
- Luciocephalus Bleeker, 1851
- Sphaerichthys Canestrini, 1860
- Ctenops McClelland, 1845
- Parasphaerichthys Prashad & Mukerji, 1929
- Subfamily Macropodusinae Hoedeman, 1948
- Trichogaster Bloch & Schneider, 1801
- Trichopodus Lacepède, 1801
- Betta Bleeker, 1850
- Parosphromenus Bleeker, 1877
- Macropodus Lacepède, 1801
- Malpulutta Deraniyagala, 1937
- Pseudosphromenus Bleeker, 1879
- Trichopsis Canestrini, 1860
- Suborder Channoidei Berg, 1940
- Family Aenigmachannidae Britz et al., 2020
- Family Channidae Fowler, 1934
- †Anchichanna Murray & Thewissen, 2008 (one species)
- †Eochanna Roe, 1991
- Parachanna Teugels & Daget, 1984
- Channa Scopoli, 1777
- Suborder Nandoidei Bleeker, 1852
- Family Nandidae Bleeker, 1852
- Nandus Valenciennes, 1831
- Family Badidae Barlow, Liem & Wickler, 1968
- Family Pristolepididae Regan, 1913
- ?†Palaeopristolepis Borkar, 1973[14]
- Pristolepis Jerdon, 1849
- Family Nandidae Bleeker, 1852
- Suborder Anabantoidei Berg, 1940
Alternative systematics
[edit]Phylogeny
[edit]Below shows the phylogenetic relationships among the Anabantiform families after Collins et al. (2015), here including the Nandoidei as Anabantiforms:[15][failed verification]
| Anabantiformes | |
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References
[edit]- ^ a b Li, Blaise; Dettaï, Agnès; Cruaud, Corinne; Couloux, Arnaud; Desoutter-Meniger, Martine; Lecointre, Guillaume (2009-02-01). "RNF213, a new nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 50 (2): 345–363. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.11.013. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 19059489.
- ^ R. Betancur-Rodriguez, E. Wiley, N. Bailly, A. Acero, M. Miya, G. Lecointre, G. Ortí: Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes – Version 4 Archived 2017-07-11 at the Wayback Machine (2016)
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Anabas". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
- ^ "Labyrinth". the. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ a b Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
- ^ "CAS - Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes - Genera/Species by Family/Subfamily". researcharchive.calacademy.org. Retrieved 2025-03-12.
- ^ a b c J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 390. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2019-12-08.
- ^ a b c Pinter, H. (1986). Labyrinth Fish. Barron's Educational Series, Inc., ISBN 0-8120-5635-3
- ^ a b Murray, A. M.; Zaim, Y.; Rizal, Y.; Aswan, Y.; Gunnell, G. F.; Ciochon, R. L. (2015). "A Fossil Gourami (teleostei, Anabantoidei) from Probable Eocene Deposits of the Ombilin Basin, Sumatra, Indonesia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (2): e906444. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.906444. ISSN 0272-4634. JSTOR 24524161.
- ^ Chanphong, Jitkasem. (1995). Diseases of Giant Gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepede) Archived January 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. The Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute Newsletter 4(1).
- ^ Froese, R.; D. Pauly (eds.). "Trichogaster trichopterus". FishBase. Retrieved 2006-12-23.
- ^ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
- ^ Raghavan, Rajeev; Dahanukar, Neelesh; Anoop, V. K.; Britz, Ralf (2019-05-09). "The subterranean Aenigmachanna gollum , a new genus and species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Kerala, South India". Zootaxa. 4603 (2): 377–388. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.10. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 31717234.
- ^ Friedman, Matt; V. Andrews, James; Saad, Hadeel; El-Sayed, Sanaa (2023-06-16). "The Cretaceous–Paleogene transition in spiny-rayed fishes: surveying "Patterson's Gap" in the acanthomorph skeletal record André Dumont medalist lecture 2018". Geologica Belgica. doi:10.20341/gb.2023.002. ISSN 1374-8505.
- ^ Collins, R.A.; Britz, R.; Rüber, L. (2015). "Phylogenetic systematics of leaffishes (Teleostei: Polycentridae, Nandidae)". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 53 (4): 259–272. doi:10.1111/jzs.12103.