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1894 Major League Baseball season

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This article is about the 1894 Major League Baseball season only. For information on all of baseball, see 1894 in baseball.
1894 MLB season
LeagueNational League (NL)
SportBaseball
DurationRegular season:
  • April 19 – September 30, 1894
Temple Cup:
  • October 4–8, 1894
Number of games132
Number of teams12
Pennant winner
NL championsBaltimore Orioles
  NL runners-upNew York Giants
Temple Cup
ChampionsNew York Giants
  Runners-upBaltimore Orioles
MLB seasons
Locations of teams for the 1893–1895 National League seasons
National League

The 1894 major league baseball season began on April 19, 1894. The regular season ended on September 30, with the Baltimore Orioles as the pennant winner of the National League and the New York Giants as runner-up. The postseason began with Game 1 of the first Temple Cup on October 4 and ended with Game 4 on October 8. The Giants swept the Orioles, capturing their first Temple Cup.

The 1894 season saw the return of a postseason championship series, the Temple Cup, following the end of the World's Championship Series with the demise of the American Association in 1891 and the one-off, split-season 1892 World's Championship Series.

Schedule

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See also: Major League Baseball schedule

The 1894 schedule consisted of 132 games for the twelve teams of the National League. Each team was scheduled to play 12 games against the other eleven teams in the league. This continued the format put in place in the previous season and would be used until 1898.

Opening Day took place on April 19 featuring eight teams. The final day of the season was on September 30, also featuring eight teams.[1] The Temple Cup took place between October 4 and October 8.

Rule changes

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The 1894 season saw the following rule changes:

  • Foul bunts are now classified as strikes.[2]
  • The sacrifice hit rule, which is when a batter deliberately gets out in an effort to advance a baserunner to another base, is implemented.[2]
  • A precursor to the Infield fly rule is implemented, stating "the batsman is out if he hits a fly ball that can be handled by an infielder while first base is occupied, with only one out."[3]

Teams

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An asterisk (*) denotes the ballpark a team played the minority of their home games at. Ballparks listed in backwards chronological order.

League Team City Stadium Capacity Manager[4]
National League Baltimore Orioles Baltimore, Maryland Union Park 6,500 Ned Hanlon
Boston Beaneaters Boston, Massachusetts South End Grounds (II)*[A] 8,500* Frank Selee
Congress Street Grounds*[B] 14,000*
South End Grounds (III) 5,000
Brooklyn Grooms Brooklyn, New York Eastern Park 12,000 Dave Foutz
Chicago Colts Chicago, Illinois West Side Park 13,000 Cap Anson
Cincinnati Reds Cincinnati, Ohio League Park (Cincinnati) 9,000 Charles Comiskey
Cleveland Spiders Cleveland, Ohio League Park (Cleveland) 9,000 Patsy Tebeau
Louisville Colonels Louisville, Kentucky Eclipse Park 6,400 Billy Barnie
New York Giants New York, New York Polo Grounds 16,000 John Ward
Philadelphia Phillies Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia Base Ball Grounds[A] 12,500 Arthur Irwin
University of Pennsylvania Athletic Field*[B] Unknown
Philadelphia Base Ball Grounds*[C] Unknown*
Pittsburgh Pirates Allegheny, Pennsylvania Exposition Park 6,500 Al Buckenberger
Connie Mack
St. Louis Browns St. Louis, Missouri New Sportsman's Park 14,500 George Miller
Washington Sentaors Washington, D.C. Boundary Field 6,500 Gus Schmelz
  1. ^
    Initial stadium of the season burned in a fire (Boston: May 16, Philadelphia: August 6)
  2. ^
    Temporary stadium.
  3. ^
    Makeshift stands built for remainder of the season, from August 18.

Standings

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National League

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National League
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
Baltimore Orioles 89 39 .695 — 52‍–‍15 37‍–‍24
New York Giants 88 44 .667 3 49‍–‍17 39‍–‍27
Boston Beaneaters 83 49 .629 8 44‍–‍19 39‍–‍30
Philadelphia Phillies 71 57 .555 18 48‍–‍20 23‍–‍37
Brooklyn Grooms 70 61 .534 20½ 42‍–‍24 28‍–‍37
Cleveland Spiders 68 61 .527 21½ 35‍–‍24 33‍–‍37
Pittsburgh Pirates 65 65 .500 25 46‍–‍28 19‍–‍37
Chicago Colts 57 75 .432 34 35‍–‍30 22‍–‍45
St. Louis Browns 56 76 .424 35 34‍–‍32 22‍–‍44
Cincinnati Reds 55 75 .423 35 37‍–‍28 18‍–‍47
Washington Senators 45 87 .341 46 32‍–‍30 13‍–‍57
Louisville Colonels 36 94 .277 54 24‍–‍38 12‍–‍56

Postseason

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Bracket

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Temple Cup
      
NL1 Baltimore Orioles 1 6 1 1
NL2 New York Giants 4 9 4 7

Managerial changes

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Off-season

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Team Former Manager New Manager
Philadelphia Phillies Harry Wright Arthur Irwin
St. Louis Browns Bill Watkins George Miller
Washington Senators Jim O'Rourke Gus Schmelz

In-season

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Team Former Manager New Manager
Pittsburgh Pirates Al Buckenberger Connie Mack

League leaders

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Any team shown in small text indicates a previous team a player was on during the season.

National League

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Hitting leaders[5]
Stat Player Total
AVG Hugh Duffy (BOS) .440
OPS Hugh Duffy (BOS) 1.196
HR Hugh Duffy (BOS) 18
RBI Sam Thompson (PHI) 149
R Billy Hamilton1 (PHI) 198
H Hugh Duffy (BOS) 237
SB Billy Hamilton (PHI) 100

1 All-time single-season runs record

Pitching leaders[6]
Stat Player Total
W Amos Rusie1 (NY) 36
L Pink Hawley (PIT) 27
ERA Amos Rusie1 (NY) 2.78
K Amos Rusie1 (NY) 195
IP Theodore Breitenstein (STL) 447.1
SV Tony Mullane (CLE/BAL) 4
WHIP Amos Rusie (NY) 1.410

1 National League Triple Crown pitching winner

Home field attendance

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Team name Wins %± Home attendance %± Per game
New York Giants[7] 88 29.4% 387,000 33.4% 5,451
Philadelphia Phillies[8] 71 −1.4% 352,773 20.4% 4,969
Baltimore Orioles[9] 89 48.3% 328,000 129.4% 4,896
Chicago Colts[10] 57 1.8% 239,000 6.9% 3,515
Brooklyn Grooms[11] 70 7.7% 214,000 −8.9% 3,101
Pittsburgh Pirates[12] 65 −19.8% 159,000 −13.6% 2,120
Cincinnati Reds[13] 55 −15.4% 158,000 −18.7% 2,394
St. Louis Browns[14] 56 −1.8% 155,000 −20.5% 2,348
Boston Beaneaters[15] 83 −3.5% 152,800 −21.0% 2,425
Washington Senators[16] 45 12.5% 125,000 38.9% 2,016
Cleveland Spiders[17] 68 −6.8% 82,000 −36.9% 1,390
Louisville Colonels[18] 36 −28.0% 75,000 39.7% 1,210

References

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  1. ^ "1894 Major Leagues Schedule". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  2. ^ a b c "MLB Rule Changes | Baseball Almanac". www.baseball-almanac.com. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  3. ^ Bauer, John. "1893 Winter Meetings: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bunt – Society for American Baseball Research". Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  4. ^ "1894 Major League Managers". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  5. ^ "1894 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  6. ^ "1894 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
  7. ^ "San Francisco Giants Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  8. ^ "Philadelphia Phillies Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  9. ^ "Baltimore Orioles Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 22, 2025.
  10. ^ "Chicago Cubs Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  11. ^ "Los Angeles Dodgers Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  12. ^ "Pittsburgh Pirates Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  13. ^ "Cincinnati Reds Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  14. ^ "St. Louis Cardinals Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  15. ^ "Atlanta Braves Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
  16. ^ "Washington Senators Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 22, 2025.
  17. ^ "Cleveland Spiders Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 22, 2025.
  18. ^ "Louisville Colonels Attendance, Stadiums, and Park Factors". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 22, 2025.
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