White Head Island
 An 1855 chart showing White Head Island. | |
  White Head Island Location in the Bay of Fundy | |
| Geography | |
|---|---|
| Location | Bay of Fundy |
| Coordinates | 44°37′52.6″N 66°42′28.63″W / 44.631278°N 66.7079528°W |
| Archipelago | Grand Manan Archipelago |
| Area | 6.17 km2 (2.38 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
Canada | |
| Province | New Brunswick |
| County | Charlotte |
| Parish | Grand Manan Parish |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 162 (2011)[1] |
| Pop. density | 26.3/km2 (68.1/sq mi) |
| Long Point Lighthouse | |
 Long Point Lighthouse at the southern tip of White Head Island | |
| Constructed | 1966  |
| Foundation | concrete base |
| Construction | concrete tower |
| Height | 11 m (36 ft) |
| Shape | quadrangular tower with balcony and lantern rising from the fog signal building[2] |
| Markings | white tower, red lantern |
| Power source | solar power |
| Operator | Canadian Coast Guard[3][4] |
| Fog signal | 2s. blast every 20s. |
| Focal height | 15.5 m (51 ft) |
| Range | 12 nmi (22 km; 14 mi) |
| Characteristic | Iso W 12s |
White Head Island is located east of Grand Manan in the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick. In 2011 the island had a population of 162. White Head Island was governed as a local service district[1] prior to the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reform.
For approximately four hours surrounding low tide, the island can be reached on-foot from Grand Manan walking across sandbars and ledges through shallow water.[5]
Its economy is based largely around aquaculture and fishing, historically through herring weirs.[6][5] There is a series of very small islands marked on charts but typically not appearing on maps, west of White Head Island and north of Three Islands.[7]
The island has a two-classroom elementary school, and older students take a ferry to Grand Manan Community School. From 1976-2012, the island was serviced by the MV Lady White Head, until it was replaced by Coastal Transport Limited's William Frankland car ferry between White Head and Grand Manan.[8][9]
Until 2022 the community had a small general store.
There is a Baptist church on the island that was completed in 1981. However, there are records of a religious house in use until 1928, when the second of three churches was dedicated.[10]
There are 5km of paved roads circling the northern half of the island, while the southern portion has only gravel roads that are less accessible.[11]
History
[edit]The island was granted to Captain William Frankland who was for years its sole resident,[12][13] Frankland invited J. J. Audubon to visit the island May 22 1833 to study the Herring Gulls, whose eggs were harvested on the island.[12] In 2015, Frankland's journal went to auction and was purchased by the New Brunswick Museum who created a copy to display at White Head.[14]
In 1912, the lighthouse keeper Patrick Conway was dismissed leading to years of Parliamentary inquiry.[15]
Gallery
[edit]-
White Head elementary school August, 2016 -
White Head Post Office -
The car ferry William Frankland at Ingalls Head
References
[edit]- ^ a b "White Head, New Brunswick. Census Profile". 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. 2012.
- ^ List of Lights, Pub. 110: Greenland, The East Coasts of North and South America (Excluding Continental U.S.A. Except the East Coast of Florida) and the West Indies (PDF). List of Lights. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2015.
- ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Canada: Southern New Brunswick". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
- ^ Long Point, NB Lighthouse Friends. Retrieved 23 March 2017
- ^ a b Lorimer, John G. "History of Islands and Islets in the Bay of Fundy, Charlotte County, New Brunswick", Archive.org copy, 1876
- ^ "...things to do while on Grand Manan". ambleinncottages.com/. September 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2018-10-17.
- ^ https://archive.org/details/collectionsofnew113newb/page/n395/mode/2up?q=whitehead
- ^ "White Head Schedule". Coastal Transport. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
- ^ https://app.pch.gc.ca/application/artefacts_hum/detailler_detail.app?d=AAUK2013.05.01
- ^ "White Head Baptist Church". Ancestry.com. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
- ^ https://www.hikingnb.ca/Trails/FundyWest/GrandManan/WhiteHead.html
- ^ a b Report Upon the Fisheries of the Bay of Fundy, https://ia801304.us.archive.org/16/items/cihm_22284/cihm_22284.pdf
- ^ Audubon at Sea: The Coastal and Transatlantic Adventures of John James Audubon 9780226756707
- ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/grand-manan-museum-brings-historic-journal-to-the-island-1.3153520
- ^ https://archive.org/details/n01ajsessionalpap48canauoft
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