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Presidential memorials in the United States

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The Washington Monument in Washington, D.C.
Peacefield, the home of John Adams and John Quincy Adams in Quincy, Massachusetts

The presidential memorials in the United States honor presidents of the United States and seek to showcase and perpetuate their legacies.

Living and physical elements

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A presidential memorial may have a physical element which consists of a monument, a statue within a monument, a historical home, a presidential library, and other sites whose entire presence consists of a physical structure that is a permanent remembrance of the president it represents. Most well-known presidential memorials, such as the Washington, Lincoln and Jefferson memorials, have a physical element.

There are also official presidential memorials that have a living element with only a minor physical presence. An example of a presidential living memorial is the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Located in a wing of the Ronald Reagan Building in Washington, D.C., the Wilson Center has a small exhibit concerning President Wilson's life and work, but it is best known for its work to unite the world of ideas with the world of policy by supporting scholarship linked to issues of contemporary importance. In this way the living memorial perpetuates President Wilson's legacy of scholarship linked closely to international relations.

Similarly, the Harry S. Truman Scholarship honors U.S. college students dedicated to public service and policy leadership, and thus may be considered a memorial with solely a living element. The Truman Scholarship is the sole federal memorial allowed to honor President Truman.[1]

This can also be accomplished through the establishment of a policy institute, like the Eisenhower Institute whose mandate is to advance Eisenhower's intellectual and leadership legacies through research, public education, and public policy recommendations.[2]

The James Madison Memorial Building, the third and newest building of the Library of Congress, is an example of a memorial with both living and physical elements. The building houses a memorial hall to President James Madison, but is also dedicated in memory of his 1783 proposal that the Continental Congress form an official library.

Existing presidential memorials

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Multiple statues, homes, and other physical memorials to some presidents exist; only large structures are mentioned below:

# President Memorial Location
1 George Washington Washington Monument Washington, D.C.
Washington Monument Baltimore, Maryland
Washington Monument Boonsboro, Maryland
George Washington Masonic National Memorial Alexandria, Virginia
Ferry Farm Stafford County, Virginia
Mount Vernon Fairfax County, Virginia
Washington presidential library Fairfax County, Virginia
2 John Adams Adams National Historical Park Quincy, Massachusetts
Peacefield Quincy, Massachusetts
John Adams Birthplace Quincy, Massachusetts
John Adams Building Washington, D.C.
3 Thomas Jefferson Jefferson Memorial Washington, D.C.
Thomas Jefferson Building Washington, D.C.
Monticello Albemarle County, Virginia
4 James Madison Montpelier Orange County, Virginia
James Madison Memorial Building Washington, D.C.
5 James Monroe James Monroe Law Office Fredericksburg, Virginia
Highland Albemarle County, Virginia
6 John Quincy Adams John Quincy Adams Birthplace Quincy, Massachusetts
7 Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson Statue Washington, D.C.
The Hermitage Nashville, Tennessee
Andrew Jackson State Park Lancaster, South Carolina
8 Martin Van Buren Martin Van Buren National Historic Site Kinderhook, New York
9 William Henry Harrison Grouseland Vincennes, Indiana
11 James K. Polk James K. Polk Home Columbia, Tennessee
President James K. Polk Historic Site Mecklenburg, North Carolina
13 Millard Fillmore Fillmore House East Aurora, New York
14 Franklin Pierce Franklin Pierce Homestead Hillsborough, New Hampshire
15 James Buchanan James Buchanan Memorial Washington, D.C.
Wheatland Lancaster Township, Pennsylvania
16 Abraham Lincoln Lincoln Memorial Washington, D.C.
Lincoln Highway Interstate
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site LaRue County, Kentucky
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial Lincoln City, Indiana
Lincoln's New Salem New Salem, Illinois
Lincoln Home National Historic Site Springfield, Illinois
Ford's Theatre National Historic Site Washington, D.C.
Lincoln Tomb Springfield, Illinois
Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum Springfield, Illinois
17 Andrew Johnson President Andrew Johnson Museum and Library Greeneville, Tennessee
Andrew Johnson National Historic Site Greeneville, Tennessee
18 Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant Memorial Washington, D.C.
General Grant National Memorial Upper Manhattan, New York
19 Rutherford B. Hayes Spiegel Grove Fremont, Ohio
Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center Fremont, Ohio
20 James A. Garfield James A. Garfield Memorial Cleveland, Ohio
James A. Garfield Monument Washington, D.C.
James A. Garfield National Historic Site Mentor, Ohio
22,
24 		Grover Cleveland Grover Cleveland Birthplace Caldwell, New Jersey
23 Benjamin Harrison Benjamin Harrison memorial statue Indianapolis, Indiana
Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site Indianapolis, Indiana
25 William McKinley McKinley National Memorial Canton, Ohio
National McKinley Birthplace Memorial Niles, Ohio
William McKinley Monument Columbus, Ohio
26 Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace National Historic Site Manhattan, New York
Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site Buffalo, New York
Sagamore Hill National Historic Site Cove Neck, New York
Theodore Roosevelt National Park North Dakota
Maltese Cross Cabin Medora, North Dakota
Pine Knot cabin Albemarle County, Virginia
Theodore Roosevelt Island Washington, D.C.
Theodore Roosevelt Monument Tenafly, New Jersey
27 William Howard Taft William Howard Taft National Historic Site Cincinnati, Ohio
28 Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson Boyhood Home Augusta, Georgia
Woodrow Wilson House Washington, D.C.
Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library Staunton, Virginia
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Washington, D.C.
29 Warren G. Harding Harding Home Marion, Ohio
Harding Tomb Marion, Ohio
30 Calvin Coolidge Coolidge Homestead Plymouth Notch, Vermont
Calvin Coolidge House Northampton, Massachusetts
Calvin Coolidge Presidential Library and Museum Northampton, Massachusetts
31 Herbert Hoover Hoover Tower Stanford, California
Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum West Branch, Iowa
32 Franklin D. Roosevelt Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site Hyde Park, New York
Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum Hyde Park, New York
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial Washington, D.C.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial Stone[3] Washington, D.C.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park New York, New York
Roosevelt Island New York, New York
33 Harry S. Truman Harry S. Truman National Historic Site Kansas City, Missouri
Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum Independence, Missouri
Harry S. Truman Scholarship
34 Dwight D. Eisenhower Eisenhower National Historic Site Cumberland Township, Pennsylvania
Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home Abilene, Kansas
Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Washington, D.C.
35 John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Washington, D.C.
John F. Kennedy National Historic Site Brookline, Massachusetts
John F. Kennedy Eternal Flame Arlington, Virginia
John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial Dallas, Texas
John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum Boston, Massachusetts
36 Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park Gillespie County, Texas
Lyndon B. Johnson State Park and Historic Site Gillespie County, Texas
Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac Washington, D.C.
Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library and Museum Austin, Texas
37 Richard Nixon Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum Yorba Linda, California
Birthplace of Richard Nixon Yorba Linda, California
38 Gerald R. Ford Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library Ann Arbor, Michigan
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum Grand Rapids, Michigan
39 Jimmy Carter Jimmy Carter National Historical Park Plains, Georgia
Jimmy Carter Presidential Library and Museum Atlanta, Georgia
40 Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum Simi Valley, California
Ronald Reagan Building Washington, D.C.
41 George H.W. Bush George H.W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum College Station, Texas
George Bush Center for Intelligence Langley, Virginia
George Bush Park Houston, Texas
42 Bill Clinton Clinton Presidential Center Little Rock, Arkansas
President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site Hope, Arkansas
43 George W. Bush George W. Bush Presidential Center University Park, Texas
44 Barack Obama Barack Obama Presidential Library and Museum Chicago, Illinois
Collective Mount Rushmore Black Hills, South Dakota
George H.W. Bush And George W. Bush United States Court House Midland, Texas

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "20 U.S. Code § 2003 - Other Federal memorials prohibited". LII / Legal Information Institute. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  2. ^ Eisenhower Memorial Archived November 28, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial Stone (U.S. National Park Service)".
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