Samsen Road
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Samsen or spelled Sam Sen (Thai: สามเสน, pronounced [sǎːm.sěːn]) is a road and neighbourhood in Bangkok considered to be one of Bangkok's oldest. Samsen road starts from Bang Lamphu intersection in the area of Bang Lamphu within Phra Nakhon district and wends northeast to Dusit district as far as it ends at Kiakkai intersection, covering 4.6 km (2.8 mi). It runs parallel to east Chao Phraya river all the route.
History
[edit]Samsen began during the Ayutthaya period (1351–1767), particularly in the reign of King Narai (1633–1688). The Portuguese came to live and work in the kingdom, and the king allowed them to settle in Samsen. At that time, this area was mainly paddy fields and canals, including Khlong Samsen (Samsen canal), which is believed to be a natural canal. The Portuguese founded the Immaculate Conception Church around 1674, which is the oldest church in Thailand.
During the reigns of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) and King Nangklao (Rama III) of the Rattanakosin kingdom, Christian Khmer and Annamese (Vietnamese) refugees fleeing crackdowns in their countries migrated to Siam (now Thailand). They were allowed by the king to settle near the Portuguese church in Samsen. The area became known as "Ban Khmer" (บ้านเขมร) and "Ban Yuan" (บ้านญวน).
Samsen has at least two Thai temples dating back to the Ayutthaya period or earlier: Wat Rachathiwat and Wat Thewarat Kunchorn.
In the past, the area from Samsen to Pak Kret in Nonthaburi was known as a spawning ground for toli shad (Tenualosa toli). These fish would swim from the sea to spawn in the freshwater stretches of the Chao Phraya river, from the Bangkok area northwards. As a result, they were once heavily fished, which has led to their endangered status today.[1]
Etymology
[edit]"Samsen" has no specific meaning in Thai.[2] It may have derived from Pali or from Bahasa Melayu. Legendarily a floating Buddha statue required up to three hundred thousand people to raise it from the water. "Samsen" is similar to "Sam Saen", which means three hundred thousand. This Buddha statue, known as Luang Por Phuttha Samsen or simply Luang Por Samsen, is depicted in the rain-stopping posture and is enshrined in front of the Samsen Police Station today.[3][2][4]
Two related sub-districts are Samsen Nai in Phaya Thai and Samsen Nok in Huai Khwang districts. They are connected to Khlong Samsen rather than the road.
Road
[edit]Samsen road was built during the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and is considered the first road connecting the inner city with the northern suburbs. It was originally informally known as "Saphan Kaew Road" (ถนนสะพานแก้ว, pronounced [tʰānǒn sā.pʰāːn kɛ̂ːw]).[5]
Although it is short, Samsen road runs through historic and important places such as Bang Khun Phrom Palace and Bank of Thailand with Devavesm Palace, Thewet Bridge, Immaculate Conception Church, Saint Francis Xavier Church, Saint Gabriel's College, Vajira Hospital, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Sukhothai Palace, National Library and Royal Pier, Thavasuki, Wat Bot Samsen, Boon Rawd Brewery Headquarters and Sappaya-Sapasathan, the new Parliament House.[3][6]
The road also a location of five piers for Chao Phraya Express Boat: Thewet (N15), Payap (N18), Irrigation Dept. (N19), Kheaw Khai Ka (N20), and Kiak Kai (N21).
At the intersection with Ratchawithi road (Sang Hi intersection), near Krungthon Bridge (Sang Hi Bridge) on Ratchawithi road, stands San Chao Mae Thapthim Samsen, a Chinese shrine dedicated to Shui Wei Sheng Niang, the sea goddess worshiped by the Hainanese since ancient times, similar to Mazu. It is considered her oldest shrine in Bangkok, believed to have been built during the reign of King Nangklao.[7]
Samsen road is also the administrative boundary line in the following khwaengs (sub-districts):
- Chana Songkhram (left) and Talat Yot (right) in Phra Nakhon district from Bang Lamphu intersection to Nararat Sathan bridge
- Wat Sam Phraya (left) and Ban Phan Thom (right) in Phra Nakhon district from the Nararat Sathan bridge to Bang Khun Phrom intersection
- Wat Sam Phraya (left) and Bang Khun Phrom (right) in Phra Nakhon district, from Bang Khun Phrom intersection to Thewet Naruemit bridge
- Wachiraphayaban (left) and Dusit (right) in Dusit district, from the Thewet Naruemit to Sophon bridges
References
[edit]- ^ Jaruthanin, Kittipong and Chavalit, Vidthayanon, ปลาน้ำจืดหายากที่สุด ๑๐ ชนิดของไทย (The Top - Ten Endangered Freshwater Fishes of Thailand), Aquarium Biz , Vol. 2 Issue 16 (October 2011) Thai: ภาษาไทย
- ^ a b Pinijnakorn (2012-05-04). "สามเสน...ประวัติศาสตร์บรรพชนคนนานาชาติ ต้นกำเนิดการประปาแห่งกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์" [Samsen...history of international ancestors the origins of the Rattanakosin waterworks]. Thai PBS (in Thai).
- ^ a b Num luk thung (2009-10-20). "เยือนย่ำย่านเก่า เล่าตำนาน "สามเสน"" [Visiting the old town a tale of legend of "Samsen"]. ASTV Manager (in Thai).
- ^ Damrong Journal The Faculty of Archeology, Silpakorn University (2014-07-24). "สามเสนเรียกกันมาแต่สมัยอยุธยา" [Samsen known since the Ayutthaya period]. facebook (in Thai). Archived from the original on 2022-06-05. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
- ^ Klamsom, Pranee (2007). ย่านเก่าในกรุงเทพฯ [เล่ม ๒] [Old areas in Bangkok [vol 2]] (in Thai). Muang Boran. p. 80. ISBN 974-7385-02-3.
- ^ Bunnag, Rome (2016-07-26). "เหตุที่มี "บ้านเขมร" และ "บ้านญวน" อยู่ที่ทุ่งสามเสน! ก่อนจะถูกบุกเบิกเป็นย่านสร้างวังจนเต็มทุ่ง!!" [The reason that there are "Ban Khmer" and "Ban Yuan" in the Samsen field! before being pioneered as a district, creating palaces full of fields!!]. ASTV Manager (in Thai).
- ^ Duangkamchan, Jaruwan (2019-06-28). "ขนมแห่งศรัทธาในศาลเจ้าแม่ทับทิม เทพเจ้าแห่งสายน้ำของชาวไหหลำ" [Snack of faith in the Chao Mae Thapthim Shrine, goddess of river of Hainanese]. Sarakadee (in Thai). Retrieved 2019-11-20.