Whakatu, Hawke's Bay
Whakatu | |
|---|---|
Rural community | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 39°36′22″S 176°53′31″E / 39.606°S 176.892°E | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Region | Hawke's Bay |
| Territorial authority | Hastings District |
| Ward |
|
| Electorates | |
| Government | |
| • Territorial Authority | Hastings District Council |
| • Regional council | Hawke's Bay Regional Council |
| Area | |
• Total | 2.71 km2 (1.05 sq mi) |
| Population (June 2024)[2] | |
• Total | 680 |
| • Density | 250/km2 (650/sq mi) |
Whakatu is a rural community in the Hastings District and Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) north-east of the centre of Hastings.[3] A large industrial area is enclosed by a bend in the Clive River, and the closure of the freezing works in Whakatu in 1986 cost the region 2000 full-time and seasonal jobs.[4] State Highway 2 and the Palmerston North–Gisborne Line pass through Whakatu.
Richard Tucker (1856–1922) was a notable resident of Whakatu; he owned the largest wool-scouring plant in the Hawke's Bay Region.[5]
Demographics
[edit]Statistics New Zealand describes Whakatu as a rural settlement, which covers 2.71 km2 (1.05 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 680 as of June 2024,[2] with a population density of 251 people per km2. It is part of the larger Karamu statistical area.[6]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 591 | — |
| 2013 | 606 | +0.36% |
| 2018 | 645 | +1.26% |
| Source: [7] | ||
Before the 2023 census, the settlement had a larger boundary, covering 3.73 km2 (1.44 sq mi).[1] Using that boundary, Whakatu had a population of 645 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 39 people (6.4%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 54 people (9.1%) since the 2006 census. There were 183 households, comprising 333 males and 312 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female, with 156 people (24.2%) aged under 15 years, 129 (20.0%) aged 15 to 29, 291 (45.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 66 (10.2%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 59.1% European/Pākehā, 58.1% Māori, 4.2% Pacific peoples, 2.3% Asian, and 1.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 45.6% had no religion, 35.3% were Christian, and 11.2% had Māori religious beliefs.
Of those at least 15 years old, 33 (6.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 129 (26.4%) people had no formal qualifications. 42 people (8.6%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 270 (55.2%) people were employed full-time, 72 (14.7%) were part-time, and 21 (4.3%) were unemployed.[7]
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Whakatu (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.5 (74.3) |
23.4 (74.1) |
21.9 (71.4) |
19.5 (67.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
13.8 (56.8) |
14.7 (58.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
22.0 (71.6) |
18.8 (65.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 17.9 (64.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
16.2 (61.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
11.3 (52.3) |
9.0 (48.2) |
8.4 (47.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
13.2 (55.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.3 (54.1) |
12.7 (54.9) |
10.6 (51.1) |
8.1 (46.6) |
5.3 (41.5) |
3.1 (37.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
3.6 (38.5) |
5.4 (41.7) |
7.0 (44.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
11.4 (52.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 45.9 (1.81) |
48.2 (1.90) |
54.0 (2.13) |
79.1 (3.11) |
56.8 (2.24) |
76.8 (3.02) |
98.6 (3.88) |
56.9 (2.24) |
50.2 (1.98) |
54.3 (2.14) |
45.3 (1.78) |
49.9 (1.96) |
716 (28.19) |
| Source: NIWA[8] | |||||||||||||
Freezing works
[edit]Hawkes Bay Steam Boiling Down Company at Whakatu was established in January 1867.[9] In 1912, a Waipukurau farmers meeting formed a cooperative freezing company and in 1913 land was bought at Whakatu, A.S Mitchell, Wellington. designed the works and Bull Brothers, Napier built it, with housing and a railway siding for about £70,000. Hawke’s Bay Farmers' Freezing Works opened on 6 January 1915,[10] 123,900 sheep and 3,190 cattle being slaughtered in the first season. Following the 1984 end of agricultural subsidies under Rogernomics,[9] Wattie’s and others bought Hawke’s Bay Farmers Meat Company shares and on 10 October 1986 Whakatu was closed[11] with the loss of 2,000 jobs.[12] Part of the works was demolished in 2004.[9]
Railway station
[edit]The railway through Whakatu opened on 12 October 1874,[13] being in the first 18.8 km (11.7 mi) section of the Palmerston North–Gisborne Line, from Napier to Hastings.[14][15] However, it wasn't until July 1881 that a flag station at Boiling Down Works was proposed.[16] A newspaper report complained about the lack of through tickets to Whakatu in February 1882.[17] By 1896 there was a shelter shed (damaged by fire in 1911), platform, loading bank and a passing loop for 18 wagons, extended to 24 in about 1898. On 30 July 1912 it became a tablet station. A private siding for Hawkes Bay Farmers Meat Co Ltd was in place by 16 September 1914. On 14 March 1922 a notice was issued to the porter at Whakatu – "In future the Meat Company's horse shunter at your station is not on any account to be permitted to work in the yard whilst shunting with train engine is being carried out." Whakatu closed to all traffic on 18 May 1982, though wagon loads[16] were accepted until 22 September 1986.[13] A passing loop remains at the former station site.[18]
Just north of Whakatu, the line crosses Te Awa o Mokotūāraro (Clive River) on bridge 214,[19] which was rebuilt in 1936 by Christiani & Neilsen, Wellington. It is 450 ft (140 m) long, with 5 x 60 ft (18 m) and 5 x 30 ft (9.1 m) steel trusses on reinforced concrete piers.[20]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- ^ a b "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
- ^ Hariss, Gavin. "Whakatu, Hawke's Bay". topomap.co.nz. NZ Topo Map.
- ^ Pollock, Kerryn (24 April 2015). "Hawke's Bay region - Pastoral farming". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
- ^ Wright, Matthew. "Richard Tucker". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
- ^ 2018 Census place summary: Karamu
- ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7016076–7016077 and 7016081–7016082.
- ^ "CliFlo – National Climate Database : Whakatu Ews". NIWA. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ a b c Vera Keefe-Ormsby (8 April 2005). "Tihei Mauri Ora:The Human Stories of Whakatu" (PDF). University of Otago.
- ^ "Waipawa Mail". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 9 January 1915. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
- ^ "Tomoana Freezing Works – David Gusscott". knowledgebank.org.nz. 10 October 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
- ^ "The deal that stunned Hawke's Bay". knowledgebank.org.nz. 12 October 1996. Retrieved 17 April 2025.
- ^ a b Scoble, Juliet (2010). "Names & Opening & Closing Dates of Railway Stations" (PDF). Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 February 2013.
- ^ "HAWKE'S BAY TIMES". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 13 October 1874. Archived from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
- ^ "Napier. Daily Southern Cross". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 20 October 1874. Retrieved 5 April 2025.
- ^ a b "Station Archive". NZR Rolling Stock Lists. Archived from the original on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
- ^ "Hawke's Bay Herald". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 10 February 1882. Retrieved 17 April 2025.
- ^ "96 Anderson Rd". Google Maps. February 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2025.
- ^ "KiwiRail Network Map". kiwirail.maps.arcgis.com. November 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2025.
- ^ "Modern Structure. Hawke's Bay Tribune". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 23 May 1936. Retrieved 8 April 2025.
- ^ Yonge, John Roger (1993). New Zealand Railway and Tramway Atlas. Quail Map Company. ISBN 9780900609923.