Acraea eponina

Small orange acraea
	A. e. manjaca in South Africa
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Genus:	Acraea
Species:	A. eponina
Binomial name
	Acraea eponina; (Cramer, 1780)
Synonyms
	Acraea manjaca Boisduval, 1833; Hyalites eponina (Cramer, 1780); Papilio eponina Cramer, 1780; Telchinia perrupta Butler, 1883;

Acraea eponina, the orange acraea or small orange acraea to distinguish it from the larger A. anacreon, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in tropical Africa and south-western Arabia.

The wingspan is 35–40 mm for males and 36–44 mm for females. Adults are on wing year round, but are more common in warmer months.^[1]

Natural enemies include the parasitoids Carcelia normula and Charops species and the predaceous bugs Afrius figuratus, Rhynocoris bicolor and other Rhynocoris species.

The larvae of subspecies eponina feed on Hibiscus, Sida, Nicotiana, Hermannia, and Triumfetta species. Subspecies manjaca has been reported on Triumfetta rhomboidea, Triumfetta annua, Triumfetta effusa, Triumfetta pilosa and Hermannia species.

The Acraea E.larvea is known to be a major pest to the plant Jute Mallow and can cause a loss of 25-100% of the quality of the crop harvest.^[2]

Subspecies

Acraea eponina eponina (Tropical Africa, south-western Arabia)
Acraea eponina manjaca (Natal, Eswatini, Transvaal, Rhodesia, Mozambique). Now a synonym of Acraea serena

Taxonomy

Acraea eponina is a member of the Acraea bonasia species group; see Acraea. Formerly, A. eponina was often misidentified as Acraea serena or Acraea terpsicore.

References

^ Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.
^ Raifu, I. & Soyelu, O. (2017). "Physicochemical Basis For Relative Susceptibility Of Two Jute Mallow Morphotypes To Acraea Eponina Cramer". Ife Journal of Agriculture, 2016. 28(1): 96-105.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

Images representing Acraea eponina at Bold

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[1] Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.

[2] Raifu, I. & Soyelu, O. (2017). "Physicochemical Basis For Relative Susceptibility Of Two Jute Mallow Morphotypes To Acraea Eponina Cramer". Ife Journal of Agriculture, 2016. 28(1): 96-105.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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